A pulsed power source for triggering ignition
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摘要: 设计了一种单电源的变压器型高电压、大电流脉冲源。该电源只有一套放电电容，以晶闸管作为放电开关，单原边双副边的脉冲变压器作为传输线。利用二极管的单向导通特性，使变压器根据负载不同的工况运行在不同的状态，分时输出高电压、大电流脉冲。该设计利用变压器在空间上将高压输出回路和低压控制回路隔离，与一般的双电源设计方式相比，降低了驱动电路的成本，减少了装置的体积，有利于设备的小型化和紧凑化。试验结果表明：当原边18 μF的储能电容充电电压为700 V时，通过晶闸管开关控制电容向2 ∶2 ∶20的单原边双副边脉冲变压器放电，副边开路时输出幅值7.6 kV、上升沿432 ns的开路电压，副边短路时输出幅值690 A、半高宽15.6 μs、前沿7.0 μs的短路电流，满足NL37248引燃管的触发要求。Abstract: This paper designs a single source pulse generator based on the pulse transformer. The generator uses a set of pulse discharge capacitors, a thyristor as a discharge switch, a pulse transformer as a transmission line with single primary winding and double secondary windings. The pulse source outputs a high voltage when the transformer is operating in boost mode, and outputs large current in the buck mode. The load is in a high-impedance state before breakdown and in a low impedance state after breakdown. Based on the above transformer characteristics and the actual conditions, the design uses the one-way conduction characteristics of the diode to realize the switching of the operating mode of the transformer. Then, the pulse source can output high voltage and large current pulse time-sharing. The design isolates the high-voltage output circuit and the low-voltage control circuit using the transformer. Compared with the general dual power supply, the pulse power supply decreases the cost of the driving circuit, reduces the size of the device, and facilitates the miniaturization and compactness of the device. The results show that a 18 μF primary storage capacitor of 700 V can output an open circuit voltage of 7.6 kV and a rising edge of 432 ns, and a short current of 690 A, the full-width of 15.6 μs and the front of 7.0 μs. It meets the trigger requirements of ignition tube NL37248.
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Key words:
- ignition tube /
- pulse transformer /
- high voltage /
- large current /
- pulse source
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图 1 一种单电源变压器型高电压、大电流脉冲驱动电路
Figure 1. Diagram of the circuit
C1: capacitance; SCR: thyristor; D1: crowbar diode; N1: primary side; N2, N3: secondary side; D2: diverting diode; C2: isolation capacitor
图 7 负载电流随充电电容容值的变化曲线图
Figure 7. Variation curves of load current with discharge capacitor
图 9 负载电流随隔离电容C2的变化关系
Figure 9. Variation curves of load current with isolation capacitor
图 10 负载电流随脉冲变压器参数的变化关系
Figure 10. Variation curves of load current with pulse transformer parameter
表 1 NL37248触发参数
Table 1. Trigger parameter of NL37248
voltage/V current/A(short circuit) length of firing pulse, 1/2 sine wave/μs(short circuit current) open circuit (ignitor+) open circuit (ignitor-) min 1500 0 100 5 max 3000 5 250 10 
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表 2 储能电容对脉冲源输出电流参数的影响
Table 2. The effect of reservoir capacitance on the output current
C1/μF primary-side current load-current amplitude/A front time/μs time to half value/μs amplitude/A front time/μs time to half value/μs 1 264 2.28 5.46 260 1.9 6.22 2 404 3.56 9.28 410 3.1 8.92 4 436 5.12 12.00 444 4.6 11.84 18 684 6.40 15.84 690 7.0 15.60
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表 3 阻尼电阻对回路参数的影响
Table 3. The effect of damping resistance on the output current
damping resistance/Ω primary-current /A load-current /A 100 218 234 200 210 224 300 214 224 5000 222 222
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