车辆强电磁脉冲环境适应性研究

秦风; 蔡金良; 曹学军; 马弘舸

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201931.190233

车辆强电磁脉冲环境适应性研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201931.190233

秦风^{1, 2, 3,},
蔡金良^{1, 2, 3, ,},
曹学军^{1, 2, 3},
马弘舸^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所, 四川绵阳 621999
2.
中国工程物理研究院复杂电磁环境科学与技术重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621999
3.
中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所, 高功率微波技术重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621999

基金项目:

国防基础科研项目 JCKY2016212B034

国防预研项目 30105140302

详细信息

作者简介:
秦风(1985—)，男，博士，副研究员，目前主要从事电磁环境效应及防护技术研究; fq_soul2000@163.com

通讯作者:
蔡金良(1987—)，女，博士，助理研究员，目前主要从事电磁环境效应评估技术研究; llttkl@163.com

中图分类号: TM937
计量
- 文章访问数: 1888
- HTML全文浏览量: 670
- PDF下载量: 160
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-24
- 修回日期: 2019-07-15
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-15

Investigation on the adaptability of vehicle in high-intensity electromagnetic pulse environment

Qin Feng^{1, 2, 3
,},
Cai Jinliang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
Cao Xuejun^{1, 2, 3},
Ma Hongge^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Institute of Applied Electronics, CAEP, Mianyang 621999, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Environment, CAEP, Mianyang 621999, China
3.
Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Institute of Applied Electronics, CAEP, Mianyang 621999, China

摘要

摘要: 近年来，随着大量用频设备的广泛应用，使得空间电磁环境日益复杂。复杂多变的电磁环境不仅会影响车辆的运用效能，而且会威胁车辆的生存能力。电磁环境对车辆的影响不可低估，尤其是强电磁脉冲，其破坏能力远远超过一般的电子干扰，会引起车辆的电子、电气元件的失效或损伤，严重影响着车辆机动与安全性能的有效发挥。将以某车辆为对象，较为系统地介绍车辆可能遭遇的强电磁脉冲环境、强电磁脉冲防护思路、车辆电磁环境效应分析以及采取的具体防护加固措施，以期提升车辆强电磁环境适应能力。
- 车辆 /
- 强电磁脉冲 /
- 效应 /
- 防护思路 /
- 防护材料 /
- 防护电路
Abstract: In recent years, with the wide application of a large number of frequency devices, the electromagnetic environment in space has become increasingly complex. The complex electromagnetic environment not only affects the performance of vehicle, but also threatens the viability of vehicle. The impact of electromagnetic environment on the vehicle cannot be underestimated, especially for the high-intensity electromagnetic pulse. The destructive ability of high-intensity electromagnetic pulse far exceeds the general electronic interference, which will cause the failure or damage of the vehicle's electronic and electrical components, seriously affecting the effective operation of the vehicle's maneuverability and safety performance. This paper systematically introduces the high-intensity electromagnetic environment that a vehicle may encounter, protection route of vehicle, analysis of electromagnetic environment effect and specific electromagnetic hardening measures adopted for the vehicle, for the purpose of improving the adaptability of vehicle to high-intensity electromagnetic environment.
- vehicle /
- high-intensity electromagnetic pulse /
- effect /
- protection route /
- shielding materials /
- protection circuits

HTML全文

图 1 汽车电子技术的发展

Figure 1. Development of automotive electronics technology

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 核电磁脉冲产生示意图

Figure 2. Schematic illustrating the generation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 车辆强电磁脉冲防护思路

Figure 3. Protection route of vehicle under the excitation of high-intensity electromagnetic pulse

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 关键敏感电子设备筛选分类

Figure 4. Classification of key and sensitive electronic equipments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 整车实验布局

Figure 5. Experimental layout of vehicle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 正常工作信号

Figure 6. Normal working signals

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 宽带高功率微波时域波形

Figure 7. Time-domain radiation waveform of wide band high power microwave source

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 车辆工作信号监测

Figure 8. Measured working signals of vehicle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 传感器线缆上耦合的干扰信号

Figure 9. Interference signal coupled on the sensor cable

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 车辆电磁仿真模型

Figure 10. Electromagnetic simulation model of vehicle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 线缆横截面

Figure 11. Cross section of cable

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 车内典型位置的场强波形

Figure 12. Field intensity at a typical position in the vehicle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 线缆耦合电压波形

Figure 13. Coupled voltage waveforms of cable

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 车窗为不同材质情况下车内同一位置处场强峰值

Figure 14. Evolution of peak field intensity with vehicle window material

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 银纳米线薄膜光学照片和扫描电镜照片

Figure 15. Digital and SEM images of silver nanowire film

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 防护材料电磁屏蔽效能测试平台

Figure 16. Test device of shielding effectiveness for materials

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 17 银纳米线-高分子聚合物复合薄膜表征

Figure 17. Characterization of (silver nanowire)-polymer film

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 18 无防护电路条件下测得的线缆信号

Figure 18. Measured cable signals without protection circuit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 19 有防护电路条件下测得的线缆信号

Figure 19. Measured cable signals with protection circuit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 车辆不同等级效应对应的效应现象

Table 1. Phenomena corresponding to different level effects of vehicle

effect level	effect phenomenon
interference	vehicle dashboard indicator flashes and returns to normal once the experiment is over
disturbance	engine failure is reported, vehicle returns to normal after restart
flameout	engine flameouts, engine failure is reported, vehicle returns to normal after restart
damage	engine flameouts, engine failure is reported, sensor is damaged, vehicle cannot start

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	Radasky W A, Baum C E, Wik M W. Introduction to the special issue on high-power electromagnetics(HEMP) and intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI)[J]. IEEE Trans Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2004, 46(3): 314-321. doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2004.831899
[2]	李名杰, 刘进. 电子装备面临的强电磁脉冲环境分析[J]. 装备环境工程, 2012, 9(2): 69-73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9242.2012.02.017 Li Mingjie, Liu Jin. Environmental analysis of high power EMP on electronic equipment. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2012, 9(2): 69-73 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9242.2012.02.017
[3]	Bäckström M G, Lövstrand K G. Susceptibility of electronic systems to high-power microwaves: summary of test experience[J]. IEEE Trans Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2004, 46(3): 396-403. doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2004.831814
[4]	周璧华, 陈彬, 高成. 现代战争面临的高功率电磁环境分析[J]. 微波学报, 2002, 18(1): 89-92. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WBXB200201019.htm Zhou Bihua, Chen Bin, Gao Cheng. Analysis on high power electromagnetic environment in modern war. Journal of Microwaves, 2002, 18(1): 89-92 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WBXB200201019.htm
[5]	高斌, 唐晓斌. 复杂电磁环境效应研究初探[J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2008, 3(4): 345-350. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5692.2008.04.003 Gao Bin, Tang Xiaobin. Research of complex electromagnetic environmental effects. Journal of CAEIT, 2008, 3(4): 345-350 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5692.2008.04.003
[6]	侯民胜, 问建. 电子系统的电磁脉冲效应及防护[J]. 航天电子对抗, 2007, 23(3): 15-17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-2421.2007.03.005 Hou Minsheng, Wen Jian. Electromagnetic pulse effects and protection of electronic system. Aerospace Electronic Warfare, 2007, 23(3): 15-17 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-2421.2007.03.005
[7]	吴崇善. 核电磁脉冲效应及其防护与测试[J]. 现代军事通信, 1999, 7(2): 56-58. Wu Chongshan. NEMP effects and its protection and test. Journal of Modern Military Communications, 1999, 7(2): 56-58
[8]	陈伟华, 张厚, 杨宇军. 强电磁脉冲环境下计算机设备的防护[J]. 装备环境工程, 2007, 4(1): 71-74. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSCX200701018.htm Chen Weihua, Zhang Hou, Yang Yujun. Protection of computer equipment in strong electromagnetic pulse. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2007, 4(1): 71-74 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSCX200701018.htm
[9]	刁振河. 高功率微波防护的相关问题研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2006: 6-7. Diao Zhenhe. The research on the defense against high power microwave. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2006: 6-7
[10]	万海军, 汤仕平, 张勇. 舰船电磁脉冲效应和防护技术[J]. 安全与电磁兼容, 2003, 15(3): 34-35. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AQDC200303012.htm Wan Haijun, Tang Shiping, Zhang Yong. Effects and protection technology of ship electromagnetic pulse. Safety & EMC, 2003, 15(3): 34-35 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AQDC200303012.htm
[11]	余绍斌. 核电磁脉冲及其工程防护[D]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学, 2002: 1-2. Yu Shaobin. NEMP and NEMP protection. Xi'an: Xidian University, 2002: 1-2
[12]	刘锋. 汽车电子技术的应用及发展趋势[J]. 电子技术与软件工程, 2018(21): 229. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZRU201821186.htm Liu Feng. Application and development trend of automotive electronic technology. Electronic Technology & Software Engineering, 2018(21): 229 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZRU201821186.htm
[13]	刘尚合. 武器装备的电磁环境效应及其发展趋势[J]. 装备指挥技术学院学报, 2005, 16(1): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYZH200501000.htm Liu Shanghe. Effect and electromagnetic environment to weaponry and its trend of development. Journal of the Academy of Equipment Command & Technology, 2005, 16(1): 1-6 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYZH200501000.htm
[14]	周璧华, 陈彬, 石立华. 电磁脉冲及其工程防护[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2003. Zhou Bihua, Chen Bin, Shi Lihua, EMP and EMP protection. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2003
[15]	王宇飞, 陈卓然. 车辆外部电磁环境分析[J]. 机电工程技术, 2013, 42(12): 89-93. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXKF201312026.htm Wang Yufei, Chen Zhuoran. The analysis of electromagnetic environment outside vehicles. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology, 2013, 42(12): 89-93 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXKF201312026.htm
[16]	周传明, 刘国治, 刘永贵, 等. 高功率微波源[M]. 北京: 原子能出版社, 2007. Zhou Chuanming, Liu Guozhi, Liu Yonggui, et al. High-power microwave sources. Beijing: Atomic Energy Press, 2007
[17]	Piao Yang. Study on vehicle electromagnetic environment calculation method in engineering project. Changchun: Jilin University, 2014: 1-4
[18]	Paul C R. Introduction to electromagnetic compatibility[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992.
[19]	Sun Y G, Xia Y N. Large-scale synthesis of uniform silver nanowires through a soft, self-seeding, polyol process. Advanced Materials, 2008, 14(11): 833-837.
[20]	Hu L B, Kim H S, Lee J Y, et al. Transparent, flexible, silver nanowire electrodes[J]. ACS Nano, 2010, 4(5): 2955-2963.