Flashover characteristics of laminate structure composed of round parallel-plate electrodes and polymer film dielectrics
-
摘要: 强电磁脉冲模拟装置中用于脉冲压缩的陡化电容器常采用电极与薄膜介质层叠的结构，其主要绝缘失效模式为沿面闪络。采用圆形平板电极，在SF6绝缘环境中和加载电压为前沿约30 ns的纳秒脉冲电压的条件下，实验研究了陡化电容器关键结构参数和气压对沿面闪络性能的影响。结果表明：（1）电极厚度、气隙和表面涂覆均不能明显改变层叠结构的沿面闪络电压；（2）气压可以提高层叠结构的沿面闪络性能，但是存在饱和趋势；（3）薄膜介质层数与沿面闪络电压近似线性比例关系；（4）增长薄膜介质伸出长度能显著提高沿面闪络电压。基于流注理论对上述结果进行了探讨，认为极不均匀场中，闪络起始主要由高场强区域决定，但是闪络通道的形成和发展主要由闪络路径上的背景电场决定，因此减小层叠结构三结合点处电场对闪络性能影响不大，但减小闪络通道发展路径上的背景电场，可以有效提高层叠结构的沿面闪络电压。Abstract: The peaking capacitor used for pulse compression in electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulator often uses the laminate structure of electrodes and thin film dielectrics to achieve insulation at high voltage, and the surface flashover is the main insulation failure mode of the peaking capacitor. In this paper, the effect of key structural parameters of the peaking capacitor and the gas pressure on its surface flashover performance were experimentally studied under the condition that the insulation gas was SF6 and the risetime of the applied voltage was approximately 30 ns. The experimental results show that: (1) the electrode thickness, the interspace around the electrodes and the surface coating ceuld not significantly change the surface flashover voltage of the laminated structure; (2) increasing the gas pressure could improve the flashover performance at low gas pressure; (3) the flashover voltage is nearly proportional to the number of polymer film layers; (4) the flashover voltage could be increased remarkably by increasing the extension length of the polymer film dielectrics. Based on the streamer theory, the above results are analyzed and discussed. It is considered that in inhomogeneous field the flashover initiates in the strengthened field region but the formation and development of the flashover channel is mainly determined by the background field on the flashover path. Therefore, reducing the electrical field at the triple point has little effect on the flashover performance but reducing the field on the flashover path can improve the flashover voltage of the laminated structure significantly.
-
Key words:
- electromagnetic pulse generator /
- peaking capacitor /
- laminate structure /
- flashover /
- streamer
-
图 3 电极厚度和气隙对层叠结构电场和闪络性能影响（图（a）中虚线表示电极的边缘，横坐标表示与电极边缘的相对位置）
Figure 3. Influence of the electrodes thickness and the interspace on the field distribution and the flashover performance
图 4 硅橡胶涂层对层叠结构沿面闪络性能的影响
Figure 4. Influence of the silicon coating on the flashover performance
图 5 极不均匀场中空气和SF6气体绝缘性能对比
Figure 5. Flashover performance comparison of air and SF6 under inhomogeneous field
图 8 介质伸出长度对介质表面电场分布与沿面闪络性能的影响（图（a）中箭头表示介质边缘的电场）
Figure 8. Influence of the stretched length of the dielectrics
-
[1] 邱爱慈. 脉冲功率技术应用[M]. 西安: 陕西科学技术出版社, 2016.Qiu Aici. Application of the pulse power technology. Xi′an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, 2016 [2] 毛从光, 程引会, 谢彦召. 高空电磁脉冲技术基础[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2018.Mao Congguang, Cheng Yinhui, Xie Yanzhao. Technological base of HEMP. Beijing: Science Press, 2018 [3] Bailey V, Carboni V, Eichenberger C, et al. A 6-MV pulser to drive horizontally polarized EMP simulators[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2010, 38(10): 2554-2558. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2010.2065245 [4] Charles G, Lam S K, Naff J T, et al. Design and performance of the FEMP-2000: A fast risetime, 2 MV EMP pulser[C]//12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. 1999: 1437-1440. [5] Schilling H, Schluter J, Peters M, et al. High voltage generator with fast risetime for EMP simulation[C]//10th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. 1995: 1359-1364. [6] 陈维青, 何小平, 贾伟, 等. 2.5 MV快沿电磁脉冲模拟器脉冲功率源的研制[C]//第十四届全国核电子学与核探测技术学术年会. 北京: 中国电子学会核电子学与核探测技术分会, 2008: 689-693.Chen Weiqing, He Xiaoping, Jia Wei, et al. Development of a 2.5 MV fast pulse generator for EMP simulation//14th National Conference on Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology. Beijing: Nuclear Electronics and Detection Technology Branch, China Electronic Academy, 2008: 689-693 [7] 陈志强, 贾伟, 汤俊萍, 等. 同轴薄膜电容器结构参数的优化设计[J]. 现代应用物理, 2019, 10:010502. (Chen Zhiqiang, Jia Wei, Tang Junping, et al. An optimal design method for structural parameters of coaxial film capacitors[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2019, 10: 010502 [8] 陈志强, 贾伟, 何小平, 等. 平行板电极边缘滑闪引起加载电压的“双峰”现象[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2019, 31:070005. (Chen Zhiqiang, Jia Wei, He Xiaoping, et al. The double peak phenomenon of applied pulse voltage induced by the flashover around the parallel-plate electrodes[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2019, 31: 070005 [9] Chen Zhiqiang, Jia Wei, Guo Fan, et al. Variation and saturated phenomena of polypropylene film flashover voltage under different SF6 pressures[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2019, 47(10): 4553-4559. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2917829 [10] Atushi B, Kazuo I. Drawing and annealing effects on thermally stimulated currents in polypropylene films[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1992, 72(1): 2057-2059. [11] 徐航, 杜伯学, 苏金刚. 拉伸状态下聚丙烯/聚烯烃弹性体共混物的空间电荷和陷阱分布特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(2):453-459. (Xu Hang, Du Boxue, Su Jingang. Space charge behaviors and trap distributions of polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer blend under different elongation ratios[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(2): 453-459 [12] 马勋, 邓建军, 姜苹, 等. 高压径向均压绝缘堆设计[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26:105004. (Ma Xun, Deng Jianjun, Jiang Ping, et al. Design of high-voltage hold-off radial insulator stack with grading rings[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26: 105004 [13] Jane L, Pralhad R. Foundations of pulsed power technology[M]. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017: 410-413. [14] 邵涛, 严萍, 张适昌, 等. 纳秒脉冲气体放电机理探讨[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2008, 20(11):1928-1932. (Shao T, Yan P, Zhang Shichang, et al. Review on nanosecond-pulse discharge mechanism in gases[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2008, 20(11): 1928-1932 [15] 严璋, 朱德恒. 高电压绝缘技术[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2007: 151-152.Yan Zhang, Zhu Deheng. Technology of high voltage insulation. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2007: 151-152 [16] Gennady A M. Pulsed power[M]. New York: Springer, 2005: 56-57. [17] Pinnekamp F, Niemeyer L. Qualitative model of breakdown in SF6 in inhomogeneous gaps[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1983, 16(7): 1293-1320. -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(10)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1532
- HTML全文浏览量: 613
- PDF下载量: 65
- 被引次数: 0
