Progress on laser precise control for high power laser facility
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摘要: 光束精密调控是惯性约束聚变(ICF)研究对激光驱动器的基本需求，它是一项装置层面的系统工程。主要介绍了中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心近年来在靶面光强控制、脉冲波形控制、光束近场控制以及在新型光束探索方面所取得的重要进展。Abstract: Beam precise control is the basic requirement of Interial Confinement Fusion (ICF) research for laser facility. Its technical characteristics determine that it is a system project for laser facility. This paper introduces the important progress made by the Laser Fusion Research Center of Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics in the control of focal-plane irradiance, pulse precision shaping, beam near-field intensity and novel beam exploration in recent years.
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图 1 基于“CPP＋SSD＋PS”技术的靶面光强控制原理示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of focal-plane irradiance based on “CPP＋SSD＋PS” technology
图 2 应用于主机装置的单束束匀滑技术
Figure 2. Single beam smoothing technology applied to the laser facility
图 3 单束束匀滑技术在靶面光强上的控制效果
Figure 3. Effect of single beam smoothing technology on the target irradiation
图 4 基于子束独立调控实现集束优化输出的示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of optimizing bundle output based on independent beams
图 5 集束焦斑中光束叠加区域的干涉条纹特性
Figure 5. Characterisitcs of interference fringes in the area of focal spot superposition for bundle laser
图 6 不同子束组合形成焦斑的散斑分布（a）与（b）为同子束F数，不同集束F数的对比，（b）与（c）为同集束F数不同子束F数的对比
Figure 6. Speckle distribution comparison of focal spots formed by different beams combinations: (a) and (b) have the same F number of beams but different bundle F number, (b) and (c) have the same bundle F number but different beams, F number
图 7 单束束匀滑和集束束匀滑性能的对比（a）加CPP的单束焦斑，（b）加CPP和SSD的单束焦斑，（c）加CPP和SSD的3×3阵列集束焦斑
Figure 7. Comparison of focal-plane irradiance distribution between single beam and 3×3 array bundle: (a) the focused single beam with a CPP, (b) the focused single beam with a CPP and SSD (c) the focused 3×3 array bundle beam with CPPs and SSD
图 8 脉冲精密整形控制原理示意图
Figure 8. Schematic diagram of pulse precision shaping control principle
图 9 神光系列装置物理实验中的整形脉冲输出（a）冲击点火脉冲（b）三台阶脉冲（c）黑腔恒温脉冲（d）t4指数脉冲
Figure 9. Illustration of the broad range of pulse shapes applied to physical experiments in Shenguang (SG) series facilities: (a) high-contrast shock ignition pulse shape, (b) three-steps pulse shape, (c) hohlraum constant temperature pulse shape, (d) exponential (t4) pulse shape
图 10 基于ITB装置演示的点火脉冲控制精度
Figure 10. Pulse control accuracy under ignition pulse output based on ITB facility
图 11 基于双折射偏振滤波技术补偿幅频效应的效果（a）补偿前脉冲波形（b）补偿后脉冲波形
Figure 11. Compensation effect of FM-to-AM based on birefringent polarization filtering technology: (a) pulse waveform before compensation, (b) pulse waveform after compensation
图 12 （a）SSD光束聚焦示意图（b）SSD光束远场和近场的FM-to-AM对比
Figure 12. (a) Schematic diagram of SSD beam focusing and (b) comparison of FM-to-AM between beam far-field and near-field for an SSD beam
图 13 高功率激光装置光束近场整形控制示意图
Figure 13. Beam shaping control diagram in near field of high power laser facility
图 14 点火脉冲输出下光束近场整形控制性能（a）基频光束近场，（b）三倍频光束近场，（c）基频光束通量直方图，（d）三倍频光束通量直方图
Figure 14. Near-field beam profiles of measurement: (a) 1ω laser and (b) 3ω laser at ignition pulse output based on ITB facility, (c) and (d) are the probability density functions of the fluence for (a) and (b) respectively
图 15 复合波长小尺度自聚焦的增益系数曲线
Figure 15. Square of nonlinear spatial spectrum′s gain for high-power lasers with two-wavelengths
图 16 （a）复合波长强激光在非线性介质中传输的演化示意图（b）输出光束的一维近场强度分布
Figure 16. (a) Schematic diagram of nonlinear propagation of two-wavelength beams in medium and (b) intensity lineout across the output near-field image of the two-wavelength beams
图 17 （a）研制的位相缺陷检测平台（b）典型的位相缺陷检测数据
Figure 17. (a) Phase defect detection platform and (b) typical detection data
图 18 位相缺陷点引入的强激光传输特性
Figure 18. Intense laser propagation characteristics introduced by phase defect point
图 19 （a）激光通过黑腔LEH传输至腔壁示意图（b）光束在黑腔中传输交叠示意图
Figure 19. (a) Approximation of beam propagation in hohlraum. (b) Two overlapped beams pass through the LEH and reach the hohlraum wall (Beam overlapping volume is emphasized with dark color)
图 20 用于减少光束交叠的异型焦斑设计思想示意图
Figure 20. Some focal spots, including circular spot, elliptical spot and special shape spot, are proposed to reduce the degree of beam overlap. The dashed circle shows the maximal area limited by LEH
图 21 （a）异型焦斑的CPP面型设计和（b）获得的异型焦斑分布
Figure 21. (a) The designed CPP that produces a super-Gaussian of order sg=6 with special laser spot in the far field. (b) Speckled far-field intensity patterns produced by the full aperture illumination of the CPP
图 22 光束通过偏振元件后的偏振分布（a）楔形偏振晶体（b）具有随机位相分布的晶体
Figure 22. Polarization distribution of beam passing through polarization plate. (a) wedge polarization crystal, (b) crystal with random phase distribution
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