Recent progress of high power narrow linewidth fiber laser
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摘要: 近年来，光纤激光器得到了快速发展，且逐步应用于多个领域，功率的进一步提升仍然是光纤激光器的研究热点，光束合成是实现功率提升的重要手段，光束合成要求子光束为窄线宽光纤激光器，因此窄线宽光纤激光器的研究对光束合成功率的提升有重要意义。本文对窄线宽高功率光纤激光器的发展和研究现状进行了详细的介绍，并基于目前的研究现状分析了其发展的主要限制因素，并展望了未来的发展趋势。Abstract: In recent years, fiber laser has been developing rapidly, and gradually applied in many fields. Further improvement of output power is still the research hotspot of fiber laser. Beam combining is an important method to scale output power of fiber laser. Beam combining requires that the sub beam is a narrow linewidth fiber laser, so the research of narrow linewidth fiber laser is of great significance for power improvement. In this paper, the development and research status of narrow linewidth high power fiber lasers are introduced in detail, and based on the current research status, the future development trend is prospected.
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Key words:
- narrow linewidth /
- fiber laser /
- stimulated Brillouin scattering /
- mode instability
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图 1 美国Fibertek公司450 MHz线宽kW级光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 1. Experiment setup of 450 MHz linewidth kW level fiber laser by Fibertek Inc.
图 2 耶拿大学基于低数值孔径光纤的窄线宽光纤放大器实验装置图
Figure 2. Experimental setup of narrow linewidth fiber amplifier with low numerical aperture fiber by Jena University
图 3 美国MIT基于金属包层光纤的窄线宽光纤放大器实验装置图
Figure 3. Experimental setup of narrow linewidth fiber amplifier based on metal clad fiber by MIT
图 4 国防科技大学560 W输出功率5 GHz线宽保偏光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 4. Experimental setup of 560 W polarization maintaining fiber laser with 5 GHz linewidth in National University of Science and Technology
图 5 中国电子科技集团第11研究所780 W输出功率2.9 GHz线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 5. Experimental setup of 780 W fiber laser with 2.9 GHz linewidth in No.11 Institute of CETC
图 6 美国空军实验室基于PRBS相位调制的窄线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 6. Experimental setup of narrow linewidth fiber laser based on PRBS phase modulation in US Air Force Laboratory
图 7 美国空军实验室双波长增益竞争与相位调制结合抑制SBS的实验装置图
Figure 7. Experimental setup of SBS suppression by combining dual wavelength gain competition and phase modulation in US Air Force Laboratory.
图 8 韩国先进光学研究中心818 W输出功率＜7 GHz线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 8. Experimental setup of 818 W fiber amplifier with＜7 GHz linewidth in Korea Advanced Optical Research Center
图 9 上海光机所1.27 kW输出功率2.2 GHz线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 9. Experimental setup of 1.27 kW fiber laser with 2.2 GHz linewidth in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics
图 10 中国工程物理研究院2.9 kW输出功率0.31 nm线宽光纤激光器实验装置
Figure 10. Experimental setup of 2.9 kW fiber laser with 0.31 nm linewidth in China Academy of Engineering Physics
图 11 清华大学2.19 kW输出功率86.5 pm线宽激光器实验装置图
Figure 11. Experimental setup of 2.19 kW fiber laser with 86.5 pm linewidth in Tsinghua University
图 12 韩国2.09 kW输出功率0.24 nm线宽光纤激光器实验装置
Figure 12. Experimental setup of 2.09 kW fiber laser with 0.24 nm linewidth in South Korea
图 13 中国工程物理研究院3 kW级窄线宽保偏光纤激光系统
Figure 13. 3 kW level narrow linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser system of China Academy of Engineering Physics
图 14 美国IPG公司2 kW级窄线宽光纤激光系统
Figure 14. 2 kW narrow linewidth fiber laser system of IPG company
图 15 美国nLight公司基于CCC光纤的窄线宽光纤激光系统
Figure 15. Narrow linewidth fiber laser system based on CCC fiber of nLight company
图 16 国防科技大学三级正弦相位调制保偏窄线宽激光系统
Figure 16. Three stage sinusoidal phase modulation narrow linewidth laser system of National University of Defense Science and Technology
图 17 国防科技大学2.43 kW输出功率0.255 nm线宽保偏光纤激光实验系统图
Figure 17. Experimental setup of 2.43 kW polarization maintaining fiber laser with 0.255 nm linewidth of National Defense University of Science and Technology
图 18 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所2.7 kW输出功率50 GHz线宽光纤激光实验系统
Figure 18. Experimental setup of 2.7 kW fiber laser with 50 GHz linewidth in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics, CAS
图 19 中国工程物理研究院3.5 kW输出功率0.18 nm线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 19. Experimental setup of 3.5 kW fiber laser with 0.18 nm linewidth in China Academy of Engineering Physics
图 20 中国工程物理研究院1.5 kW输出功率13 GHz线宽光纤激光实验装置图
Figure 20. Experimental setup of 1.5 kW fiber laser with 13 GHz linewidth in China Academy of Engineering Physics
图 21 耶拿大学窄线宽ASE源实验结构图
Figure 21. Experimental structure of narrow linewidth ASE source in Jena University
图 22 美国空军实验室1030 nm窄线宽光纤激光器实验装置图
Figure 22. Experimental setup of 1030 nm narrow linewidth fiber laser in US Air Force Laboratory
图 23 美国IPG公司＞1.5 kW输出功率下不同波长激光输出光谱图
Figure 23. Spectrums of fiber laser with different wavelengths at output power of＞1.5 kW in IPG company
表 1 线宽小于10 GHz光纤激光器的代表性研究成果(表中PM表示偏振保持)
Table 1. Representative research results of fiber laser with linewidth less than 10 GHz (PM refers to polarization maintained)
time organization power/kW linewidth/GHz M2 limited factors polarization reference 2014 Air Force Research Laboratory 1.17 3 1.2 SBS Non PM [26] 2015 National University of Defense Technology 0.56 5 1.3 MI PM [23] 2016 Air Force Research Laboratory 1 2.3 ＜1.2 SBS Non PM [27] 2019 Korea Advanced Optical Research Center 0.818 ＜7 near single mode SBS PM [28] 2020 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics 1.27 2.2 ＜1.2 SBS Non PM [29] 
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表 2 10～100 GHz线宽光纤激光器的代表性研究成果(表中PM表示偏振保持)
Table 2. Representative research results of fiber laser with 10～100 GHz linewidth (PM refers to polarization maintained)
time organization power/kW linewidth/GHz M2 limited factors polarization reference 2016 China Academy of Engineering Physics 2.9 82 multi-mode MI Non PM [30] 2017 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics 2.7 50 ＜1.2 pump power Non PM [40] 2018 China Academy of Engineering Physics 3.5 48 1.89 MI Non PM [41] 2017 National University of Defense Technology 2.43 68 near single mode pump power PM [38] 2019 Tsinghua University 2.19 23 1.46 pump power Non PM [31] 2019 China Academy of Engineering Physics 1.5 13 1.24 SBS PM [42] 2019 China Academy of Engineering Physics 2.62 32 ＜1.3 MI PM [43]
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