Research of X-band high power triaxial klystron amplifier
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摘要: 为进一步提高X波段相对论速调管放大器的输出功率，采用理论分析与粒子模拟的方法对双群聚腔级联式相对论速调管放大器进行了研究。分析了提高注入腔对注入微波吸收效率的方法，分析了群聚腔调制能力与腔体模式、Q值等参数的关系，分析了输出腔提取效率与Q值的关系。在三维粒子仿真中，设计了模式反射器抑制TEM模式泄露与杂模振荡，得到了功率超过2.5 GW，频谱纯净，频率锁定为8.40 GHz，输出输入微波相位差稳定，抖动不超过2°的高功率微波输出。
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关键词:
- 高功率微波 /
- 三轴相对论速调管放大器 /
- 注入腔 /
- 级联式群聚腔 /
- 提取腔
Abstract: To achieve GW-level amplification output radiation at X-band, a relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier （TKA） with two-stage cascaded double-gap bunching cavities is investigated. The input cavity is optimized to obtain a high absorption rate of the external injection microwave. The cascaded bunching cavities are optimized to achieve a high depth of the fundamental harmonic current. A double-gap standing wave extractor is designed to improve the beam wave conversion efficiency. Two reflectors with high reflection coefficients both to the asymmetric mode and the TEM mode are employed to suppress the asymmetric mode competition and TEM mode microwave leakage. Particle-in-cell simulation results show that a high power microwave with a power of 2.53 GW and a frequency of 8.4 GHz is generated with a 690 kV, 9.3 kA electron beam excitation and a 25 kW radio-frequency signal injection. Meanwhile, there is insignificant self-excitation of parasitic mode in the proposed structure by adopting the reflectors. The relative phase difference between the injected signals and the output microwaves keeps locked after the amplifier became saturated.-
Key words:
- high power microwave /
- triaxial klystron amplifier /
- input cavity /
- buncher /
- output cavity
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图 2 不同QE
时注入腔对注入微波的吸收效率 Figure 2. Absorption rate of the input cavity with different QE
图 4 两种模式对应的耦合系数与直流渡越角的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between M and
${\theta _{\rm{d}}}$ of two modes
图 5 第一腔不同模式时的基波电流调制
Figure 5. Fundamental harmonic current distributions with different mode in buncher I
图 6 第二腔不同模式时的基波电流调制
Figure 6. Fundamental harmonic current distributions with different mode in buncher II
图 11 电子束与提取腔互作用时电功率随轴向位置变化
Figure 11. Electron power vary along z axis in the output cavity
图 17 电子束基波调制电流和电子束平均功率
Figure 17. Fundamental harmonic current distributions and electron beam power flow
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