相位差波前探测与图像重建

张杏云; 罗芳琳; 李楠; 杨程亮; 彭增辉; 穆全全

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202133.210203

相位差波前探测与图像重建

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210203

张杏云^1,,
罗芳琳^{1, 2},
李楠^{1, 2},
杨程亮^{1, 2},
彭增辉^{1, 2},
穆全全^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所应用光学国家重点实验室，长春 130033
2.
中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心，北京 10049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（61805238；11774342）；中国科学院创新交叉团队项目

详细信息

作者简介:
张杏云（1988—），男，博士，副研究员，从事自适应光学及新型光器件研究

通讯作者:
穆全全（1980—），男，博士，研究员，从事自适应光学及液晶光学研究

中图分类号: O439
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-28
- 修回日期: 2021-08-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-15

Phase diversity wavefront sensing and image reconstruction

Zhang Xingyun^1
,,
Luo Fanglin^{1, 2},
Li Nan^{1, 2},
Yang Chengliang^{1, 2},
Peng Zenghui^{1, 2},
Mu Quanquan^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
2.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China

摘要

摘要: 相位差技术可以直接利用两幅或多幅图像的强度信息，重构出波前相位信息和目标清晰图像，具有光路简单、成本较低、适用于扩展目标等优点，在望远镜的系统像差检测和目标图像重建方面得到了大量应用。相位差波前探测的关键在于求解非线性代价函数的最优化问题，需要避免陷入局部极值并降低计算时间，才能满足动态变化波前实时探测的需求。同时在重建目标清晰图像时，通常需要做正则化和去噪处理，来提高重建图像的质量。本文主要介绍相位差技术的基本原理，以及近年来的研究进展，并对该技术未来的发展进行了展望。
- 相位差 /
- 波前探测 /
- 图像重建 /
- 望远镜
Abstract: Phase diversity technology can directly use the intensity information of two or more images to reconstruct the wavefront information and high-resolution image of the target. It has the advantages of simple optical setup, low cost and suitable for extended targets. It has been widely used in system aberration detection and target image reconstruction of telescopes. The key point of phase diversity wavefront sensing is to solve the optimization problem of nonlinear cost function. It needs to avoid falling into local extremum and reduce the calculation time to meet the demand of real-time sensing of dynamic wavefronts. Meanwhile, regularization and denoising are usually needed to improve the quality of reconstructed image. This paper mainly introduces the basic principle of phase diversity technology, as well as the research progresses in recent years, and prospects for future development of this technology.
- phase diversity /
- wavefront sensing /
- image reconstruction /
- telescopes

HTML全文

图 1 离焦作为相位差函数的PD技术示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of PD technology with defocus as the phase diversity function

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图 2 代价函数具有单个极值（a）和多个极值（b）的示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of cost function with single extremum (a) and multiple extremum (b)

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图 3 三种不同波前幅值的实验结果：从左至右分别为焦面图像、离焦面图像、重建相位和重建图像

Figure 3. Experimental results of three different wavefront amplitudes: (from left to right) focal plane images, defocus plane images, reconstructed phases and reconstructed images

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图 4 粒子群算法的迭代方向

Figure 4. Iterative direction of particle swarm optimization

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图 5 基于LSTM网络的相位差波前探测

Figure 5. Phase diversity wavefront sensing based on LSTM network

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图 6 基于卷积神经网络的相位差波前探测

Figure 6. Phase diversity wavefront sensing based on convolution neural network

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图 7 第一行：焦面图像；第二行：未去噪重建图像；第三行：去噪后重建图像

Figure 7. First line: focal plane images; Second line: reconstructed images without denoising; Third line: reconstructed images after denoising

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图 8 PD标定NFIRAOS系统非共光路像差

Figure 8. Calibration of non-common path aberrations in NFIRAOS system with PD technology

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图 9 太阳观测结果：左-PD恢复前；右-PD恢复后

Figure 9. Solar observation data: (left) unreconstructed image; (right) PD reconstructed image

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图 10 1.2 m望远镜白天对国际空间站的成像结果：左-PD恢复前；右-PD恢复后

Figure 10. Daytime observation of the International Space Station: (left) unreconstructed image; (right) PD reconstructed image

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