Removal of space debris by pulsed laser: Overview and future perspective
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摘要: 近年来,近地轨道的空间碎片问题对航天应用的威胁日益严峻。通过主动移除技术手段减少在轨空间碎片的数量,从而保障空间资源的可持续开发和航天器的安全运行,已成为相关领域研究的热点。溯源了空间碎片问题的产生及沿革,分析基于不同技术途径的主动移除方案的特点。重点研究了脉冲激光主动移除空间碎片的关键技术与科学问题,总结了现阶段的技术发展情况,并对未来天基激光移除空间碎片的发展方向给出了建议。Abstract: In recent years, the space debris has posed severe threat for aerospace applications. Active removal of space debris has been extensively investigated to preserve the sustainable development of space resources and maintain the safety of spacecrafts. In this paper, the origin and development of space debris problem is studied, and the characteristics of different active removal techniques are discussed. Besides, the technical difficulties and the scientific problem of space debris removal by using pulsed laser system is further studied, and the development of the method is reviewed. At last, this paper suggests potential development of space-based laser for removing space debris in the future.
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Key words:
- space debris /
- plasma plume /
- laser removal technique /
- irradiation effect
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表 1 1992—1997美国航天飞机空间碎片碰撞情况统计
Table 1. Collisions of space debris with US space shuttle during 1992 to 1997
material of space debris number of collisions impact depth/mm position of collision Ti 1 0.57 observation window coating material(polymer) 3 0.57~1.1 hatch door, radiator Al 5 0.24~2.1 observation window, antenna, sealing system,
PLB door, bracket trunnionstainless steel 5 1.0~2.8 radiator meteoroids 4 0.4~1.4 radiation pipeline, antenna, sealing system -
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