模块化Marx发生器机芯的力学环境适应性分析及优化设计

肖晶; 王海洋; 谢霖燊; 程乐; 孙楚昱; 石凌

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202234.210344

模块化Marx发生器机芯的力学环境适应性分析及优化设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202234.210344

肖晶^{1, 2,},
王海洋^{1, 2},
谢霖燊^{1, 2},
程乐^{1, 2},
孙楚昱^{1, 2},
石凌^{1, 2}

1.
西北核技术研究所，西安 710024
2.
强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室，西安 710024

详细信息

作者简介:
肖　晶，xiaojing@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: TH122；TM832
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-07
- 修回日期: 2022-01-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-12
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-15

Adaptability analysis and optimization design of modular Marx generator in mechanical environment

Xiao Jing^{1, 2
,},
Wang Haiyang^{1, 2},
Xie Linshen^{1, 2},
Cheng Le^{1, 2},
Sun Chuyu^{1, 2},
Shi Ling^{1, 2}

1.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Xi’an 710024, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究Marx发生器机芯在公路运输条件下的力学环境适应性，基于随机振动理论和有限元分析方法对Marx机芯进行了仿真分析和随机振动试验。首先，建立了八级模块化Marx机芯的有限元动力学仿真模型，模拟确定了机芯的应力集中点；然后，通过振动台运输振动摸底试验修正了有限元模型，对机芯结构进行了优化设计，使Marx机芯整体一阶频率由15.4 Hz提高到19.7 Hz，降低了整机垂向的动力学响应，提高了机芯的力学环境适应性。试验结果表明，Marx发生器结构设计需要重点考虑其在垂直方向的可靠性；振动过程中，机芯整体连接稳定，振动应力集中于机芯与U型支撑杆连接处、支撑杆与支撑板连接的角片处，以及开关连接件处，是结构设计的薄弱环节。
- Marx发生器 /
- 随机振动 /
- 有限元分析 /
- 优化设计
Abstract: To study the adaptability of the modularized Marx generator in mechanical environment, simulation and vibration experiment of the generator are conducted based on the random vibration theory and finite element analysis method. Firstly, the finite element simulation model of an 8-stage Marx generator is established, and the stress concentration positions are identified. Secondly, the finite element model is corrected according to the initial results of shaking table test. Then an optimization scheme is proposed to modify the Marx generator. As a result, the first-order frequency of the Marx generator is increased from 15.4 Hz to 19.7 Hz. It is helpful to reduce the dynamic response in vertical direction and enhance the mechanical environment adaptability. Results show that more attention should be paid to the reliability in vertical direction when a Marx generator is being designed. The connection of the generator is stable in the vibration experiment, and the stresses mainly concentrate on the corner pieces between the generator and the U-shape support plates, the connections between U-shape support plates and side support plates, and the switch junctions, which are the weak points in design.
- Marx generator /
- random vibration /
- finite element analysis /
- optimization design

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图 1 八级Marx发生器机芯结构图

Figure 1. Structure of the 8-stage Marx generator

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图 2 单级模块结构示意图

Figure 2. Structure of one stage module

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图 3 八级Marx发生器机芯一阶模态

Figure 3. First mode of the 8-stage Marx generator

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图 4 八级Marx发生器机芯二阶模态

Figure 4. Second mode of the 8-stage Marx generator

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图 5 振动试验系统原理框图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the vibration experiment system

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图 6 x向振动试验前后扫频的加速度曲线

Figure 6. Acceleration curve of frequency sweep before and after the vibration experiment on x axis

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图 7 振动断裂的角片

Figure 7. Broken angle iron after random vibration experiment

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图 8 横向M10测点的加速度功率谱密度曲线

Figure 8. Acceleration power spectral density curve at observation point M10 in horizontal direction

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图 9 Marx发生器机芯结构优化前后比较

Figure 9. Structure of the Marx generator before and after optimization

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图 10 Marx机芯垂向运输振动监测结果

Figure 10. Monitoring results of the Marx generator in transportation vibration on y axis

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表 1 材料参数

Table 1. Parameters of the material

material	Young’s modulus/GPa	Poisson ratio	density/(kg·m⁻³)
stainless steel	190.0	0.33	8000
glass fiber reinforced plastics	37.2	0.25	2440
MC nylon	31.9	0.40	1150

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表 2 Marx发生器机芯几个位置的总均方根加速度

Table 2. Acceleration response at several points of the Marx generator

position	total root mean square acceleration/g
position	vertical extraction	lateral extraction	longitudinal extraction
U-shape support pole	2.01	1.55	0.99
support board of glass fiber	2.59	1.29	0.50
switch	1.58	0.89	0.23
random load	1.36	0.58	0.37

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表 3 Marx发生器机芯几个位置的总均方根应力

Table 3. Acceleration response of the Marx generator

position	total root mean square stress/MPa
position	vertical extraction	lateral extraction	longitudinal extraction
swtich connector	32.2	12.6	7.4
segregation board between two modules	9.8	1.3	6.4
angle plate that connects the angle iron and U-shape support pole	6.8	2.3	1.4
U-shape support pole	0.4	0.1	0.2
angle plate that connects the U-shape support pole and support board of glass fiber	13.3	3.8	4.9

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表 4 改进结构八级Marx机芯垂向随机振动扫频结果

Table 4. Random vibration results of the improved 8-stage Marx pulser in vertical direction

testing positions	root mean square of random vibration/g	magnification factor	1^st sweep frequency/Hz
testing positions	root mean square of random vibration/g	magnification factor	before vibration	after vibration
support board of glass fiber	0.57	2.8	87.8	87.8
angle iron of glass fiber	1.29	6.5	97.9	96.1
U-shape support pole	0.73	3.7	87.8	87.8
switch connector of the 1^st module	2.06	10.3	88.6	87.8
switch and capacitor connectors of the 1^st module	2.00	10.0	88.6	88.6
switch and capacitor connectors of the 4^th module	1.09	5.5	88.6	87.8

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表 5 机芯改进前后整体结构的模态特性

Table 5. Mode characteristic comparison before and after improvement of the Marx generator

modes	frequency/Hz		modal descriptions
modes	before modification	after modification	before modification	after modification
1^st order	15.4	19.7	longitudinal vibration on upper Marx	longitudinal vibration on upper Marx
2^nd order	26.7	30.7	local vibration in switch	local vibration in switch and over all vibration

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