用八孔耦合器识别TM01/TE11混模中TE11模式的方法

任杰; 翁明; 雷乐; 林舒; 曹猛; 翟永贵

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202234.220040

用八孔耦合器识别TM₀₁/TE₁₁混模中TE₁₁模式的方法

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202234.220040

西安交通大学电子与信息学部，西安 710049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（61971342）

详细信息

作者简介:
任　杰，1090075853@qq.com

通讯作者:
翁　明，wengming@xjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN98；TM931
计量
- 文章访问数: 881
- HTML全文浏览量: 283
- PDF下载量: 69
- 被引次数: 2
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-05
- 修回日期: 2022-03-23
- 录用日期: 2022-04-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-18
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-17

Method for identifying TE₁₁ mode in TM₀₁/TE₁₁ mixed mode system with eight-hole coupler

Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

摘要

摘要: 在高功率微波传输系统中，为了提高功率容量和效率，往往采用过模波导，因此圆波导中往往出现TM₀₁和TE₁₁混合模式的情况。采用角向均匀分布的8孔圆波导耦合器，对提取TE₁₁模式的混合比和极化角度的方法进行了分析和研究。分析了圆波导中TM₀₁和TE₁₁模式在耦合孔处的电场分布，并采用CST对各耦合孔的输出功率进行了模拟计算，得出相互正对的耦合孔的平均功率与8个孔的平均功率之比与模式之间的相位差无关的结论。同时，发现该比值与TE₁₁模式的混合比成线性关系，线性关系中的比例系数是极化角度线性函数。通过线性拟合获得了计算TE₁₁模式混合比和极化方向的表达式。与仿真设定的参数相比，用该表达式计算的结果表明，在TE₁₁模式混合比小于30%时，用其计算TE₁₁模式的混合比和极化角度是可行的，误差不超过10%。在此基础上，给出了实际情况下TE₁₁模式信息的具体判断方法。
- 圆波导耦合器 /
- 高功率微波 /
- 模式混合比 /
- 极化角度
Abstract: In high power microwave transmission systems, over-mode waveguides are often used to improve power capacity and efficiency, thus the mixed modes of TM₀₁ and TE₁₁ often appear in circular waveguides. In this paper, the method of extracting the mixing ratio and polarization angle of the TE₁₁ mode is analyzed and studied by using an 8-hole circular waveguide coupler with uniform angular distribution. The electric field distribution of the TM₀₁ and TE₁₁ modes in the circular waveguide at the coupling hole is analyzed, and the output power of each coupling hole is simulated by CST. By obtaining the average power of the coupling holes facing each other and the average power of the eight holes, it is concluded that the ratio is independent of the phase difference between the modes. At the same time, it is found that the ratio is linearly related to the mixing ratio of the TE₁₁ mode, and the proportionality coefficient in the linear relationship is a linear function of the polarization angle. Expressions for calculating the TE₁₁ mode mixing ratio and polarization direction are obtained by linear fitting. Compared with the parameters set by the simulation, the results calculated by this expression show that when the mixing ratio of TE₁₁ mode is less than 30%, it is feasible to use it to calculate the mixing ratio and polarization angle of TE₁₁ mode, and the error does not exceed 10%. On this basis, this paper presents a specific method for judging TE₁₁ mode information in practical situations.
- circular waveguide coupler /
- high power microwave /
- mode mixing ratio /
- polarization angle

HTML全文

图 1 圆波导八孔耦合器结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the circular waveguide eight-hole coupler structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 圆波导中TM₀₁和TE₁₁模式的场分布

Figure 2. TM₀₁ mode and TE₁₁ mode in circular waveguide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 耦合孔端口序号示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the serial number of the coupling hole ports

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 系数b与极化角度χ的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between the proportionality coefficient b and the polarization angle χ

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 功率比与相位差的关系

Table 1. Relationship between power ratio and phase difference

Δφ/(°)	${\bar P_{3,7}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{2,6}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{4,8}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{1,5}}/{\bar P_{}}$
0	1.165	0.923	1.076	0.834
70	1.165	0.923	1.076	0.834
140	1.165	0.923	1.076	0.834
210	1.165	0.924	1.076	0.834
280	1.165	0.923	1.076	0.834
350	1.165	0.923	1.076	0.834

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 功率比与极化角度和模式混合比的关系

Table 2. Relationship between power ratio and polarization angle and mode mixing ratio

χ/(°)	ρ/%	${\bar P_{1,5}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{2,6}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{3,7}}/{\bar P_{}}$	${\bar P_{4,8}}/{\bar P_{}}$
0	0	0.999	0.999	1.000	1.000
	2	0.989	1.000	1.010	1.000
	4	0.978	1.000	1.021	1.000
	6	0.968	0.998	1.032	1.000
	8	0.956	1.000	1.043	0.999
	10	0.945	1.000	1.054	0.9991
5.625	0	0.999	0.999	1.000	1.000
	2	0.989	0.997	1.010	1.002
	4	0.979	0.995	1.020	1.004
	6	0.968	0.993	1.031	1.006
	8	0.957	0.991	1.042	1.008
	10	0.946	0.989	1.053	1.010
11.25	0	0.999	0.999	1.000	1.000
	2	0.988	0.993	1.015	1.002
	4	0.980	0.991	1.019	1.008
	6	0.970	0.987	1.029	1.012
	8	0.960	0.983	1.040	1.016
	10	0.949	0.979	1.050	1.020
16.875	0	0.999	0.999	1.000	1.000
	2	0.991	0.994	1.008	1.006
	4	0.982	0.988	1.017	1.011
	6	0.973	0.982	1.026	1.017
	8	0.964	0.975	1.035	1.024
	10	0.954	0.969	1.045	1.030
22.5	0	0.999	0.999	1.000	1.000
	2	0.992	0.992	1.007	1.007
	4	0.985	0.985	1.015	1.014
	6	0.977	0.977	1.022	1.022
	8	0.969	0.969	1.030	1.031
	10	0.961	0.961	1.038	1.038

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 计算结果与设定值的比较

Table 3. Comparison of calculation result and set value

Δφ/（°）	ρ_s/%	χ_s/（°）	ρ_c/%	χ_c/（°）	Δρ/%	Δχ/%
values of parameters in simulation			calculation results by formula-13		error
0	3	12.5	2.819	11.764	6.033	5.888
70	3	12.5	2.810	11.800	6.333	5.600
140	3	12.5	2.817	11.689	6.100	6.488
210	3	12.5	2.817	11.689	6.100	6.488
280	3	12.5	2.808	11.724	6.400	6.208
350	3	12.5	2.819	11.764	6.033	5.888
0	5	12.5	4.760	11.640	4.800	6.880
70	5	12.5	4.754	11.706	4.920	6.352
140	5	12.5	4.768	11.619	4.640	7.048
210	5	12.5	4.749	11.616	5.020	7.072
280	5	12.5	4.749	11.616	5.020	7.072
350	5	12.5	4.770	11.664	4.600	6.688
0	7	12.5	6.741	11.619	3.700	7.048
70	7	12.5	6.749	11.604	3.585	7.168
140	7	12.5	6.731	11.602	3.842	7.184
210	7	12.5	6.726	11.537	3.914	7.704
280	7	12.5	6.737	11.555	3.757	7.560
350	7	12.5	6.749	11.604	3.585	7.168
0	3	0	2.795	−0.259	6.833
70	3	0	2.802	−0.344	6.600
140	3	0	2.794	−0.344	6.866
210	3	0	2.777	−0.345	7.433
280	3	0	2.787	−0.260	7.100
350	3	0	2.806	−0.175	6.466
0	5	0	4.717	−0.225	5.660
70	5	0	4.726	−0.225	5.480
140	5	0	4.713	−0.327	5.740
210	5	0	4.711	−0.378	5.780
280	5	0	4.713	−0.327	5.740
350	5	0	4.715	−0.276	5.700
0	7	0	6.681	−0.283	4.557
70	7	0	6.669	−0.356	4.728
140	7	0	6.669	−0.356	4.728
210	7	0	6.665	−0.428	4.785
280	7	0	6.669	−0.356	4.728
350	7	0	6.685	−0.355	4.500

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 式（13）的应用范围

Table 4. Application range of formula (13)

ρ_s/%	χ_s/（°）	ρ_c/%	χ_c/（°）	Δρ/%	Δχ/%
values of parameters in simulation		calculation results by formula-13		error
2	5.625	1.911	5.378	4.450	−2.343
3	12.500	2.819	11.764	6.033	5.888
4	5.625	3.851	5.143	3.725	4.005
5	12.500	4.760	11.640	4.800	6.880
6	11.250	5.795	10.407	3.416	7.493
7	12.500	6.741	11.619	3.700	7.048
8	5.625	7.895	5.085	1.312	9.600
10	16.875	9.371	16.052	6.290	4.877
30	12.500	32.653	11.510	−8.843	7.920
50	12.500	61.130	11.518	−22.26	7.856
70	12.500	97.920	11.490	−39.885	8.080

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	Kovalev N F, Petelin M I, Raizer M D, et al. Generation of powerful electromagnetic radiation pulses by a beam of relativistic electrons[J]. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters, 1973, 18(4): 138-140.
[2]	戴大富. 高功率微波的发展与现状[J]. 真空电子技术, 2004(5):18-24. (Dai Dafu. The present status and future developments of high power microwave[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2004(5): 18-24 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-8935.2004.05.005 Dai Dafu. The present status and future developments of high power microwave[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2004(5): 18-24 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-8935.2004.05.005
[3]	曾旭, 冯进军. 高功率微波源的现状及其发展[J]. 真空电子技术, 2015(2):18-27. (Zeng Xu, Feng Jinjun. Current situation and developments of high power microwave sources[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2015(2): 18-27 Zeng Xu, Feng Jinjun. Current situation and developments of high power microwave sources[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2015(2): 18-27
[4]	He Cheng, Wu Baohua, Cai Wanyong. Discussion of UWBR and HPMW integrated design[J]. Aerospace Electronic Warfare, 2009, 25(2): 51-54.
[5]	唐涛, 苏五星, 李建东, 等. 高功率雷达对抗反辐射导弹研究[J]. 空军雷达学院学报, 2012, 26(3):162-165. (Tang Tao, Su Wuxing, Li Jiandong, et al. Study on high power radar countering ARM[J]. Journal of Air Force Radar Academy, 2012, 26(3): 162-165 Tang Tao, Su Wuxing, Li Jiandong, et al. Study on high power radar countering ARM[J]. Journal of Air Force Radar Academy, 2012, 26(3): 162-165
[6]	赵欲聪. Ka波段强流带状注相对论速调管放大器的高频系统研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2014 Zhao Yucong. Research on high frequency structure of KA-band intense sheet beam relativistic klystron amplifier[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2014
[7]	杨雨川. 高功率微波武器对卫星电子系统的威胁及防护技术[D]. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2008 Yang Yuchuan. Threaten of electronic system on satellite by HPM weapon and its protective measures[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2008
[8]	黄裕年. 高功率微波武器技术的发展评述[J]. 微波学报, 1999, 15(4):354-360. (Huang Yunian. Review of the progress in HPM weapon technology[J]. Journal of Microwaves, 1999, 15(4): 354-360 Huang Yunian. Review of the progress in HPM weapon technology[J]. Journal of Microwaves, 1999, 15(4): 354-360
[9]	Kancleris Z, Dagys M, Simniskis R, et al. Recent advances in HPM pulse measurement using resistive sensors[C]//14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. 2003: 189-192.
[10]	王文祥. 高功率微波功率、频率和模式的测量[J]. 真空电子技术, 2019(5):70-88. (Wang Wenxiang. Power, frequency and modes measurement of high-power microwave[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2019(5): 70-88 Wang Wenxiang. Power, frequency and modes measurement of high-power microwave[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2019(5): 70-88
[11]	舒挺, 王勇, 李继健, 等. 高功率微波的远场测量[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2003, 15(5):485-488. (Shu Ting, Wang Yong, Li Jijian, et al. Measurement of high power microwaves in the far-field zones[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2003, 15(5): 485-488 Shu Ting, Wang Yong, Li Jijian, et al. Measurement of high power microwaves in the far-field zones[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2003, 15(5): 485-488
[12]	屈劲, 刘庆想, 胡进光, 等. 高功率微波辐射场功率密度测量系统[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2004, 16(1):77-80. (Qu Jin. Liu Qingxiang, Hu Jinguang, et al. Measurement system on power density of high power microwave radiation[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2004, 16(1): 77-80 Qu Jin. Liu Qingxiang, Hu Jinguang, et al. Measurement system on power density of high power microwave radiation[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2004, 16(1): 77-80
[13]	兰峰, 高喜, 史宗君, 等. Ka波段绕射辐射振荡器的辐射功率测量[J]. 电子科技大学学报, 2006, 35(5):777-780. (Lan Feng, Gao Xi, Shi Zongjun, et al. Measurement of radiation power for Ka-band relativistic diffraction generator[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006, 35(5): 777-780 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2006.05.017 Lan Feng, Gao Xi, Shi Zongjun, et al. Measurement of radiation power for Ka-band relativistic diffraction generator[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006, 35(5): 777-780 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2006.05.017
[14]	张治强, 王宏军, 张黎军, 等. 高功率微波辐射场功率阵列测量装置研制[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2010, 22(4):883-886. (Zhang Zhiqiang, Wang Hongjun, Zhang Lijun, et al. Development of array device for power measurement of high power microwave radiation field[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2010, 22(4): 883-886 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20102204.0883 Zhang Zhiqiang, Wang Hongjun, Zhang Lijun, et al. Development of array device for power measurement of high power microwave radiation field[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2010, 22(4): 883-886 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20102204.0883
[15]	闫军凯, 刘小龙, 叶虎, 等. X波段高功率微波馈源辐射总功率阵列法测量技术[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2011, 23(11):3149-3153. (Yan Junkai, Liu Xiaolong, Ye Hu, et al. X-band HPM feed total radiation power measurement using array method[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(11): 3149-3153 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20112311.3149 Yan Junkai, Liu Xiaolong, Ye Hu, et al. X-band HPM feed total radiation power measurement using array method[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(11): 3149-3153 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20112311.3149
[16]	张黎军, 陈昌华, 滕雁, 等. 高功率微波辐射场远场测量方法[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2016, 28:053002. (Zhang Lijun, Chen Changhua, Teng Yan, et al. Farfield measurement method of high power microwave in radiation field[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2016, 28: 053002 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201628.053002 Zhang Lijun, Chen Changhua, Teng Yan, et al. Farfield measurement method of high power microwave in radiation field[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2016, 28: 053002 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201628.053002
[17]	刘英君, 晏峰, 景洪, 等. 高功率微波辐射场功率密度测量不确定度分析方法[J]. 电波科学学报, 2017, 32(4):398-402. (Liu Yingjun, Yan Feng, Jing Hong, et al. Measurement uncertainty on power density of high power microwave radiation[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2017, 32(4): 398-402 Liu Yingjun, Yan Feng, Jing Hong, et al. Measurement uncertainty on power density of high power microwave radiation[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2017, 32(4): 398-402
[18]	孙钧, 胡咏梅, 张立刚, 等. 圆波导定向耦合器在高功率微波测量中的应用[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26:063040. (Sun Jun, Hu Yongmei, Zhang Ligang, et al. Application of circular waveguide couplers in high power microwave measurement[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26: 063040 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.063040 Sun Jun, Hu Yongmei, Zhang Ligang, et al. Application of circular waveguide couplers in high power microwave measurement[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26: 063040 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.063040
[19]	刘金亮, 钟辉煌, 谭启美. 同轴电探针耦合测高功率微波[J]. 微波学报, 1997, 13(1):83-87. (Liu Jinliang, Zhong Huihuang, Tan Qimei. Coaxial E-field probe coupling for high power microwave measurement[J]. Journal of Microwaves, 1997, 13(1): 83-87 Liu Jinliang, Zhong Huihuang, Tan Qimei. Coaxial E-field probe coupling for high power microwave measurement[J]. Journal of Microwaves, 1997, 13(1): 83-87
[20]	陈宇, 舒挺, 郑世勇. 圆波导TE₁₁主模辐射方向性系数的误差分析[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2006, 18(3):431-434. (Chen Yu, Shu Ting, Zheng Shiyong. Error analysis of radiation directivity of TE₁₁ main mode of circular waveguide[J]. High power Laser and Particle Beams, 2006, 18(3): 431-434 Chen Yu, Shu Ting, Zheng Shiyong. Error analysis of radiation directivity of TE₁₁ main mode of circular waveguide[J]. High power Laser and Particle Beams, 2006, 18(3): 431-434