用于重离子治癌回旋引出的实时流强测量系统

游尧尧; 李敏; 毛瑞士; 李维龙; 冯永春; 赵铁成; 杨耀雄; 王文韬

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202234.220064

用于重离子治癌回旋引出的实时流强测量系统

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202234.220064

游尧尧^{1, 2,},
李敏^{1, 2, ,},
毛瑞士^{1, 2},
李维龙¹,
冯永春¹,
赵铁成¹,
杨耀雄¹,
王文韬¹

1.
中国科学院近代物理研究所，兰州 730000
2.
中国科学院大学，北京 100049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(11905271)

详细信息

作者简介:
游尧尧，youyy2016@impcas.ac.cn

通讯作者:
李　敏，limin@impcas.ac.cn

中图分类号: TL506
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-09
- 修回日期: 2022-08-23
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-20

Real-time beam intensity measurement system for extraction section of cyclotron in Heavy Ion Medical Machine

You Yaoyao^{1, 2
,},
Li Min^{1, 2
, ,},
Mao Ruishi^{1, 2},
Li Weilong¹,
Feng Yongchun¹,
Zhao Tiecheng¹,
Yang Yaoxiong¹,
Wang Wentao¹

1.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

摘要

摘要: 为满足重离子治癌加速器装置（HIMM）回旋加速器引出段束流流强的测量需求，设计了新的束流流强测量系统，该系统利用积分电流变换器（ICT）及锁相放大器等配套电子学，能够实现束流流强的非拦截实时测量。文中首先分析了中能束线（MEBT）束流流强的测量需求，并对设计方案进行了实验室系统分析和在线束流强测量。实验室结果表明，锁相放大器的幅度和相位响应一致性满足测量需求。由于ICT对束流流强的测量是相对测量，先使用法拉第筒对ICT进行在线标定；标定前先对法拉第筒（FC）（20 μA档位）和ICT系统的流强分辨在线测量，分别为6.45 nA和5.163 nA。由于束流抖动的影响，测量的束流的稳定性约90 nA，其对应的相对测量误差约8%，ICT系统响应时间小于1 ms。测量结果表明，该系统满足物理测量需求。回旋加速器高频系统参数变化引起ICT标定系数变化的工作将在进一步工作中展开。
- 重离子治癌加速器 /
- 束流流强测量 /
- 积分束流变压器 /
- 锁相放大器 /
- 响应时间
Abstract: To meet the beam intensity measurement requirements at the extraction section of the cyclotron in Heavy Ion Medical Machine (HIMM), the integral current transformer (ICT) and lock-in amplifier scheme was adopted to implement non-destructive and real-time beam intensity measurement on the medium energy beam transport line (MEBT). ICT acquires the relative beam intensity which can’t be monitored directly, as a result, the Faraday cup which is a kind of destructive detector was used to achieve calibration of ICT with beam. In this paper, the requirements and design scheme of beam intensity measurement at MEBT are firstly analyzed, and based on the design scheme, tests with this beam intensity measurement system are carried out in the laboratory and with beam. According to the test results, the beam intensity stability is about 90 nA, while the corresponding relative error is about 8%. Furthermore, the response time of ICT and Faraday cup system is less than 1 ms and 100 ms respectively, which meet the physical measurement requirements. Further study on the relationship between frequency-variation of cyclotron radio-frequency system and beam current measured by ICT will be carried on in the next step.
- Heavy Ion Medical Machine /
- beam intensity measurement /
- integral current transformer /
- lock-in amplifier /
- response time

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图 1 ICT原理结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of ICT

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图 2 ICT测量系统架构

Figure 2. Measurement architecture of ICT system

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图 3 ICT前置放大器的频率响应曲线

Figure 3. Frequency response curve of the preamplifier

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图 4 ICT弱信号及其频域信息

Figure 4. Small ICT signal and its frequency information

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图 5 实验室测量SR844幅度和相位响应的示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram for measuring amplitude and phase resolution of SR844 in laboratory

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图 6 实验室测量的SR844幅度和相位响应测试结果

Figure 6. Test results of amplitude and phase response of SR844

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图 7 FC和ICT数据采集系统的分辨率测试结果

Figure 7. Resolution results for the FC and ICT data acquisition systems

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图 8 MEBT上的ICT与FC安装示意图

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of the ICT and FC installation at MEBT

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图 9 ICT数据采集系统的在束标定结果

Figure 9. Calibration results for ICT data acquisition systems

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图 10 ICT和FC在束测量数据

Figure 10. Raw ICT and FC data measured with beam

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图 11 ICT系统响应时间的测量(τ=100 μs)

Figure 11. System time response tested result for ICT @τ=100 μs

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表 1 ICT参数

Table 1. ICT parameters

measuring range/$ {\text{μ}}\mathrm{A} $	frequency range/MHz	output up time/$ \mathrm{n}\mathrm{s} $	noise/$ {\text{μ}}\mathrm{A} $	nonlinearity/%
0.5～3000	10～350	$ ＜ 70 $	$ 0.1 $	2

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表 2 不同时间常数下ICT和FC在束测量分析结果

Table 2. Analysis results of ICT and FC data at different time constants

time constant/μs	ICT stability/μA					FC stability/μA
30000	0.0083	0.0078	0.0086	0.0052	0.0046	0.0750	0.0880	0.0802	0.0824	0.0844
3000	0.0705	0.0704	0.0487	0.0530	0.0656	0.0811	0.0857	0.0908	0.0978	0.0880
100	0.1009	0.1044	0.0995	0.1035	0.1045	0.0847	0.0887	0.0841	0.0834	0.0845

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表 3 ICT和FC在束测量数据分析结果(不同流强、相同时间常数)

Table 3. Analysis results of ICT and FC data @ 30 ms time constant

6485 current/μA	FC stability/μA	ICT stability/μA
6.0624	0.0701	0.0095
5.5349	0.0848	0.0065
4.915	0.0756	0.0045
4.6128	0.0745	0.0076
3.5044	0.0727	0.0059
4.2639	0.0724	0.0086
7.0346	0.0681	0.0178
6.7264	0.072	0.0108
6.4543	0.0715	0.0149
5.7614	0.0773	0.0082

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