基于波移光纤及硅光电倍增管的钚气溶胶测量系统

夏文友; 郝樊华; 吴健

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202234.220101

基于波移光纤及硅光电倍增管的钚气溶胶测量系统

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202234.220101

中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所，四川绵阳 621900

详细信息

作者简介:
夏文友，706969241@qq.com

中图分类号: TL812⁺.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-08
- 修回日期: 2022-07-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-20

Plutonium aerosol measurement system based on wavelength shift fiber and silicon photomultiplier

Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China

摘要

摘要: 钚气溶胶测量是进行钚材料相关实验研究的基础。为了确保辐射安全，常需将钚材料密封于密闭容器内以实现对钚气溶胶的包容，商用钚气溶胶监测设备由于难以放入含钚密闭容器而不适用于该应用场景下钚气溶胶浓度的监测。使用ZnS(Ag)闪烁体作为辐射灵敏材料放置于含钚密闭容器内，通过波移光纤将闪烁体信号引出密闭容器，并通过硅光电倍增管实现对闪烁体信号的采集，使用该技术路线建立的钚气溶胶测量系统能够用于密闭容器内钚气溶胶的测量。该测量系统可根据具体需求实现对探测器尺寸、形状的定制，具有功耗低，结构相对简单等优点，实现了密闭容器内钚气溶胶的远程就地测量，具备n/γ混合辐射场下α粒子甄别测量能力。
- 钚气溶胶 /
- 闪烁体 /
- 波移光纤 /
- 硅光电倍增管 /
- 密闭容器
Abstract: It is necessary to monitor plutonium aerosol when doing experimental research with plutonium material. Plutonium material experiments are usually carried out in sealed containers, which guarantees that the plutonium aerosol will not leak out to the environment. The widely-used monitoring equipment are not suitable for plutonium aerosol monitoring in sealed containers because of its large volume. A new plutonium aerosol measurement system based on wavelength shift fiber and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is developed. In the new plutonium aerosol measurement system, ZnS(Ag) scintillator is used as detection material and wavelength shift fiber is used as photon transmission media . The new plutonium aerosol measurement system has the advantages of customizable detector size and shape, low power consumption, and relatively simple structure, which realizes remote measurement of plutonium aerosol in sealed containers. The measurement system can also discriminate α particles in n/γ-mixed radiation field.
- plutonium aerosol /
- scintillator /
- wavelength shift fiber /
- silicon photomultiplier /
- sealed container

HTML全文

图 1 钚气溶胶测量系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the plutonium aerosol measurement system

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图 2 ZnS(Ag)探测器测量几何模型

Figure 2. Measurement geometry of ZnS(Ag) detector

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图 3 模拟获得的α和γ射线在ZnS(Ag)探测器中的能量沉积谱

Figure 3. Energy spectra of ZnS(Ag) detector

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图 4 探测器探测效率随阈值的变化关系

Figure 4. Relationship between detection efficiency and threshold

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图 5 探测器探测效率随ZnS(Ag)灵敏面积的变化关系

Figure 5. Relationship between detection efficiency and sensitive area of ZnS(Ag)

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图 6 探测器探测效率随狭层腔体厚度的变化关系

Figure 6. Relationship between detection efficiency and thickness of narrow chamber

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图 7 不同质量厚度ZnS(Ag)闪烁体源响应能谱

Figure 7. Reference response spectra of ZnS(Ag) scintillator with different mass thickness

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图 8 能峰计数率及能峰峰位与ZnS(Ag)涂层质量厚度关系

Figure 8. Relationship between counting rate/peak position of full-energy peak with ZnS(Ag)’s mass thickness

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图 9 α粒子响应谱与其他不同响应谱的叠加能谱

Figure 9. Compostion of α particle reference response spectra with other different response spectra

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表 2 ZnS(Ag)闪烁体源响应测试结果

Table 2. Test results of ZnS(Ag) detector’s reference response

No.	mass thickness of ZnS(Ag)/(mg·cm⁻²)	characteristic of spectrum	counting rate of α spectrum/s⁻¹	peak position of α spectrum channel
1	3.75	α peak overlapped with background noise	69.36	124.88
2	6.53	α peak overlapped with background noise	132.50	124.53
3	7.62	visible distinction	316.02	138.12
4	14.69	visible distinction	396.75	150.66
5	26.85	visible distinction	463.48	164.50
6	62.85	visible distinction	478.95	172.34
7	123.95	visible distinction	499.39	183.86

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表 1 典型情况下测量系统理论探测限

Table 1. Theoretical detection limits of the measurement system

measurement time/min	detection limit/(Bq·m⁻³)
1	2900
10	330
30	134
60	81
480	23
1440	13

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