All-fiber mode-locked laser using platinum film-coated microfiber
-
摘要: 采用有限元法仿真了微纳光纤中模式在镀膜前后的能量、电场及有效折射率变化，分析了HE11、TE01、HE21和TM01模式在微纳光纤中的传输特性以及与铂金膜的相互作用原理。采用缓冲氧化物刻蚀液制作了微纳光纤并用离子喷溅法镀铂金膜，得到直径为13.2 μm、铂金膜厚度为40 nm的微纳光纤器件，测试了其可饱和吸收特性，调制深度和饱和强度分别为0.57%和0.8 MW/cm2。制作了全光纤锁模激光器，锁模阈值为180 mW。锁模脉冲重复频率为17.93 MHz，脉冲宽度为103 ps，中心波长为1031.6 nm，半高宽约为3.5 nm。Abstract: In this paper, the finite element method is used to simulate the energy, electric field and effective refractive index changes of the modes in the microfiber before and after coating. The transmission characteristics of HE11, TE01, HE21 and TM01 modes in the microfiber and the interaction principle with the platinum film are analyzed. The microfiber was fabricated by etching the optical fiber with buffer oxide etchant, and the platinum film was coated by ion sputtering to obtain a microfiber device with a diameter of 13.2 μm and a platinum film thickness of 40 nm. Its saturable absorption properties were tested, the modulation depth and saturation intensity were 0.57% and 0.8 MW/cm2, respectively. An all-fiber mode-locked laser was fabricated, its mode-locked threshold is 180 mW. The mode-locked pulse repetition rate is 17.93 MHz, the pulse width is 103 ps, the center wavelength is 1031.6 nm, and the full width at half maximum is 3.5 nm.
-
Key words:
- fiber laser /
- mode lock /
- saturable absorber /
- microfiber /
- platinum film-coated
-
图 1 Pt-FCM的横截面结构示意图及超细化仿真网格
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Pt-FCM and ultra-fine simulation mesh
图 2 Pt-FCM中模式的有效折射率实部和限制损耗随包层半径的变化
Figure 2. Real part of effective refractive index and confinement loss as a function of cladding radius for modes in Pt-FCM
图 3 微纳光纤镀膜前后模式功率密度、电场分布及有效折射率
Figure 3. Energy, electric field and effective refractive index changes of the modes in the microfiber before and after coating
图 4 半径为6.6 μm的微纳光纤镀膜前后TE01、HE11、TM01和HE21模的能量密度一维分布
Figure 4. Intensity distribution of TE01, HE11, TM01 and HE21 mode before and after coating of microfiber
图 5 Pt-FCM的扫描电镜图
Figure 5. SEM images of the Pt-FCM and elemental spectrum of the Pt-FCM
图 7 旋转HWP2后由PM1得到的出射光功率变化和旋转格兰-泰勒棱镜后由PM2得到的出射光功率变化
Figure 7. Output power with different polarization angle incident to Pt-FCM by rotating the HWP2 and rotating the Glan-Taylor prism
图 10 光纤激光器的输出功率随泵浦功率和时间的变化
Figure 10. Output power of the laser changes with pump power and time
-
[1] Phillips K C, Gandhi H H, Mazur E, et al. Ultrafast laser processing of materials: a review[J]. Advances in Optics and Photonics, 2015, 7(4): 684-712. doi: 10.1364/AOP.7.000684 [2] Malinauskas M, Žukauskas A, Hasegawa S, et al. Ultrafast laser processing of materials: from science to industry[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2016, 5: 16133. [3] Zipfel W R, Williams R M, Webb W W. Nonlinear magic: multiphoton microscopy in the biosciences[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2003, 21(11): 1369-1377. doi: 10.1038/nbt899 [4] Lu Yu, Wong T T W, Chen Feng, et al. Compressed ultrafast spectral-temporal photography[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2019, 122: 193904. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.193904 [5] Udem T, Holzwarth R, Hänsch T W. Optical frequency metrology[J]. Nature, 2002, 416(6877): 233-237. doi: 10.1038/416233a [6] Yoshii K, Nomura J, Taguchi K, et al. Optical frequency metrology study on nonlinear processes in a waveguide device for ultrabroadband comb generation[J]. Physical Review Applied, 2019, 11: 054031. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.054031 [7] Martinez A, Sun Zhipei. Nanotube and graphene saturable absorbers for fibre lasers[J]. Nature Photonics, 2013, 7(11): 842-845. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2013.304 [8] Chen Bohua, Zhang Xiaoyan, Wu Kan, et al. Q-switched fiber laser based on transition metal dichalcogenides MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2[J]. Optics Express, 2015, 23(20): 26723-26737. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.026723 [9] Ahmad H, Reduan S A, Ali Z A, et al. C-band Q-switched fiber laser using titanium dioxide (TiO2) as saturable absorber[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal, 2016, 8: 1500107. [10] Luo Zhengqian, Huang Yizhong, Weng Jian, et al. 1.06 μm Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser using few-layer topological insulator Bi2Se3 as a saturable absorber[J]. Optics Express, 2013, 21(24): 29516-29522. doi: 10.1364/OE.21.029516 [11] Chen Yu, Jiang Guobao, Chen Shuqing, et al. Mechanically exfoliated black phosphorus as a new saturable absorber for both Q-switching and mode-locking laser operation[J]. Optics Express, 2015, 23(10): 12823-12833. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.012823 [12] Ahmad H, Hassan H, Safaei R, et al. Q-switched fiber laser using carbon platinum saturable absorber on side-polished fiber[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 2017, 15: 090601. doi: 10.3788/COL201715.090601 [13] Guo Hao, Feng Ming, Song Feng, et al. Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser based on silver nanoparticles as a saturable absorber[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2015, 28(2): 135-138. [14] Jiang Tao, Xu Yang, Tian Qijun, et al. Passively Q-switching induced by gold nanocrystals[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2012, 101: 151122. doi: 10.1063/1.4759120 [15] Kang Zhe, Guo Xingyuan, Jia Zhixu, et al. Gold nanorods as saturable absorbers for all-fiber passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser[J]. Optical Materials Express, 2013, 3(11): 1986-1991. doi: 10.1364/OME.3.001986 [16] Kang Zhe, Li Q, Gao X J, et al. Gold nanorod saturable absorber for passive mode-locking at 1 μm wavelength[J]. Laser Physics Letters, 2014, 11: 035102. doi: 10.1088/1612-2011/11/3/035102 [17] Gao Yachen, Zhang Xueru, Li Yuliang, et al. Saturable absorption and reverse saturable absorption in platinum nanoparticles[J]. Optics Communications, 2005, 251(4/6): 429-433. [18] Yuzaile Y R, Awang N A, Zalkepali N U H H, et al. Pulse compression in Q-switched fiber laser by using platinum as saturable absorber[J]. Optik, 2019, 179: 977-985. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.11.057 [19] Ganeev R A, Tugushev R I, Usmanov T. Application of the nonlinear optical properties of platinum nanoparticles for the mode locking of Nd: glass laser[J]. Applied Physics B, 2009, 94(4): 647-651. doi: 10.1007/s00340-009-3371-9 [20] Zhang Yimin, Li Hongxun, Dai Chuansheng, et al. All-fiber high-order mode laser using a metal-clad transverse mode filter[J]. Optics Express, 2018, 26(23): 29679-29686. doi: 10.1364/OE.26.029679 [21] Dong Chunhua, Zou Changling, Ren Xifeng, et al. In-line high efficient fiber polarizer based on surface plasmon[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2012, 100: 041104. doi: 10.1063/1.3678591 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 734
- HTML全文浏览量: 281
- PDF下载量: 73
- 被引次数: 0
