Skin damage in mice induced by different power densities of 1064 nm laser
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摘要: 通过实验和理论分析研究1064 nm激光不同输出功率对小鼠皮肤的热损伤规律。利用皮肤镜与光学相干断层成像（OCT）评估小鼠皮肤组织热损伤程度；参考Arrhenius热损伤方程进行理论分析，并与实验结果对比。结果显示，当激光连续辐照时间为400 ms时，激光输出功率密度小于958 W/cm2时，激光辐照处泛红；激光输出功率密度为958～1160 W/cm2时，损伤呈白色水疱状；激光输出功率密度为1160～1370 W/cm2时，损伤呈浅坑状焦黄斑，损伤斑周围伴一圈鼓起的白色皮肤水疱；激光的功率密度在1370～2190 W/cm2，损伤呈红色坑状斑，损伤斑周围伴黑黄色焦痂。
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关键词:
- 1064 nm激光 /
- 皮肤热损伤 /
- Arrhenius热损伤方程 /
- 热损伤模型 /
- 热损伤分级
Abstract: The thermal damage of mouse skin under different output power of 1064 nm laser was studied by experiment and theoretical analysis. The degree of thermal injury of mouse skin tissue was evaluated by dermoscope and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the theoretical analysis was made according to Arrhenius thermal damage equation, and the results were compared with the experimental results. The results show that when the laser’s continuous irradiation time is 400 ms and the laser output power density is less than 958 W/cm2, there is no obvious damage; when the laser output power density is 958−1160 W/cm2, the damage is white blister-like; when the laser output power density is 1160−1370 W/cm2, the damage is a shallow pit-like macula with a circle of bulging white skin blisters around the damage spot; when the laser power density is at 1370−2190 W/cm2, the damage is a red pit-like spot, and there is black-yellow eschar around the injury spot. -
图 1 激光辐照小鼠皮肤实验的示意图
Figure 1. Experimental diagram of laser irradiation on the skin of mouse
图 2 1064 nm激光辐照400 ms后小鼠皮肤创面的皮肤镜影像
Figure 2. Dermoscope images of injury in mice skin at different duration of 1064 nm laser irradiation (400 ms after irradiation; scale bar of dermoscope images: 1 mm)
图 3 不同功率密度激光辐照对小鼠皮肤损伤面积的影响
Figure 3. Effect of different power density laser irradiation on the skin lesion area of mice
图 4 1064 nm激光辐照损伤后OCT结果观察（辐照400 ms，标尺：1 mm）
Figure 4. OCT images of injury in mice skin at different duration of 1064 nm laser irradiation（400 ms after irradiation; scale bar of OCT images：1 mm）
图 5 不同功率密度激光辐照对小鼠皮肤损伤深度的影响
Figure 5. Effect of laser irradiation with different power density on the depth of the skin damage in mice
图 6 小鼠经1064 nm激光照射后皮肤创面的病理形态学变化（HE染色，×100）
Figure 6. Pathomorphological changes of skin wounds in mice irradiated by 1064nm laser (hematoxylin-eosin staining ×100)
表 1 1064 nm激光致生物皮肤组织皮肤损伤分级
Table 1. Grading of skin lesions in biological skin tissue by 1064 nm laser
laser irradiation power
density/(W·cm−2)damage appearance ＜958 firstdegree injury Redness at laser irradiation, recovered after some time. 958～1160 seconddegree injury White blisters, deformed and bulging (crumpled) skin around the injury. 1160～1370 thirddegree injury Vaporization of small amounts (or few lesions) on the superficial layer of the skin, blanching skin blisters with a bulging circle around the injury spot, and a shallow pit like focal macule. 1370～2190 fourthdegree injury Through the skin up to the fat layer, superficial vaporization was severe, splashing oil droplets, and around the injury with dark yellow eschar as red pit like spots. 
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表 2 皮肤热损伤程度与激光辐照功率对应关系
Table 2. The corresponding relationship between the degree of skin thermal injury and laser irradiation power
laser irradiation power density/(W·cm−2) Ω 374 1.80×10−5 561 3.00×10−4 762 1.9 958 14 1163 27 1369 111 1554 1200 1738 1.90×108 1934 5.50×1014
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