Design and simulation of a simulated hail launcher based on reluctance coil
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摘要: 基于光伏板模拟冰雹撞击试验的实际需求，开展了磁阻型线圈发射装置与脉冲功率源之间的匹配性研究。通过理论对续流前置型和续流后置型两种基本脉冲放电电路进行了适用性分析，结果表明，续流前置型脉冲放电电路与发射装置具有更优的匹配性。针对发射过程中剩余脉冲电流的反向制动问题，设计了一种可以快速消除剩余脉冲电流的泄能电路，用于改进续流前置型脉冲放电电路的拓扑结构，进一步提高其适用性，并借助仿真进行验证。结果表明，泄能电路能快速消除剩余脉冲电流的反向拉力影响，使抛体的发射性能显著提高，抛体出口速度相比传统放电电路提升50.8%，系统发射效率提高127.5%。该项研究可为磁阻式线圈发射技术应用在模拟撞击试验领域的研究提供参考。Abstract: Based on the practical needs of the simulated hail impact test of photovoltaic panels, a matching study between the reluctance coil launcher and the pulse power supply was carried out. The applicability of the two basic pulse discharge circuits, the current-continuing front type and the current-continuing back type, is theoretically analysed, and the results show that the current-continuing front type pulse discharge circuit has better matching with the launcher. In view of the reverse braking problem of the residual pulse current during the launching process, an energy-discharge circuit that can quickly consume the residual pulse current is designed to improve the topology of the current-continuing front type pulse discharge circuit to further improve its applicability, and it is verified with the help of simulation. The results show that the energy-discharge circuit can quickly consume the reverse pulling force effect of the residual pulse current, and the launch performance of thrown body is significantly improved, the exit speed of the thrown body is 50.8% higher than that of traditional discharge circuits, and the system emission efficiency is increased by 127.5%. This study can provide reference for the application of the reluctance coil launch technology in the field of simulated impact test.
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图 3 两级驱动线圈时序放电拓扑
Figure 3. Two-stage drive coil circuits with sequential discharge topology
图 5 应用新型脉冲放电电路的两级磁阻型线圈发射装置
Figure 5. A two-stage reluctance coil launcher using new pulse discharge subcircuits
图 9 两种脉冲放电电路抛体速度对比
Figure 9. Comparison of bullet barrel speed between two pulse discharge circuits
表 1 磁阻型线圈发射装置参数
Table 1. Parameters of reluctance coil launcher
outer radius/mm inner radius/mm total axial length coil spacing per stage number of turns parameters per turn 44.5 18 89 11 10×18 1 mm×8 mm energy storage
capacitor/mFcapacitor precharge
voltage/Vcapacitor internal
resistance/mΩprotective
inductor/$ {\text{μ}} $Hinductor internal
resistance/mΩcircuit-changing buffer
capacitor/$ {\text{μ}} $Fenergy-discharge
resistance/Ω1 800 2 3 3 10 10 
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表 2 两级磁阻型线圈发射装置开关开断时间
Table 2. Opening and closing time of two stage reluctance coil launcher
switch on time/ms off time/ms first stage coil main discharge switch 0 4.75 energy discharge switch 4.65 − second stage coil main discharge switch 4.75 8.40 energy discharge switch 8.30 −
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表 3 两种脉冲放电电路发射性能对比
Table 3. Comparison of launch performance between two pulse discharge circuits
exit speed/(m·s−1) exit time/ms initial energy storage/J export kinetic energy/J launching efficiency/% conventional discharge circuit 22.00 10.28 640.00 12.10 1.89 new discharge circuit 33.18 9.38 640.00 27.52 4.30
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