Design of pulsed nonlinear kicker magnet for Wuhan light source
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摘要: 近年来，基于非线性冲击磁铁的离轴注入方案逐渐成为一种新兴的研究方向, 尤其适用于动力学孔径较小的储存环。该方案的特点是磁场在注入束流位置有较大值在中心轨道处接近零，显著降低了脉冲磁场对储存束流的扰动。设计了一种基于八导线布局的非线性冲击磁铁，重点研究了一些关键参数对磁场性能的影响，包括导线布局、磁铁端部边缘场、陶瓷真空镀膜等，并相应地综合优化了这些关键参数。结果表明所设计的非线性冲击磁铁能够满足在研的高亮度正负电子对撞环和高亮度同步辐射环的注入系统要求。Abstract: In recent years, off-axis injection schemes based on nonlinear kicker magnets have emerged as a new research focus, particularly suitable for storage rings with small dynamic apertures. This scheme is characterized by a strong magnetic field generated by the nonlinear kicker magnet at the injection point to deflect the injected beam, while maintaining a near-zero magnetic field near the central orbit, significantly reducing interference with the stored beam. This paper presents the design of a nonlinear kicker magnet with an eight-conductor layout, conducting an in-depth study on the impact of key parameters—such as conductor layout, edge fields at the magnet ends, and ceramic vacuum coatings—on magnetic field performance, followed by optimization of these parameters. Results indicate that this nonlinear kicker magnet design meets the injection system requirements for the high-brightness electron-positron collider and synchrotron radiation ring under development.
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Key words:
- off-axis injection /
- nonlinear kicker magnet /
- coating /
- beam coupling impedance /
- vortex effect
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图 1 利用非线性冲击磁铁进行离轴注入过程的相空间示意图
Figure 1. Phase space schematic diagram of off-axis injection process using pulsed nonlinear magnet
图 3 理论曲线、OPERA-2D、OPERA-3D仿真磁场对比分析图
Figure 3. Magnetic field comparative analysis of theoretical curves,OPERA-2D and OPERA-3D simulation curves
图 4 非线性冲击磁铁完整结构示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of complete structure and interal connection of pulsed nonlinear magnet
图 6 非线性冲击磁铁完整模型磁场By的三维分布
Figure 6. Three-dimensional distribution of the magnetic field By in the complete model of a pulsed nonlinear magnet
图 8 不同厚度模型注入点磁场时域图
Figure 8. Time-domain plot of magnetic field at injection point in different thickness models
图 9 不同镀膜厚度下注入点磁场时域图
Figure 9. Time domain diagram of the magnetic field of the injection point under different coating thicknesses
图 10 不同Ti镀膜厚度中心无场区分布图
Figure 10. Distribution of fieldless area in the center of different Ti coating thicknesses
图 11 1 μm Ti 镀膜的脉冲非线性磁铁热功率时域图像
Figure 11. Time-domain image of the thermal power of a coated pulsed nonlinear magnet with 1 μm Ti coating
图 12 完整镀膜模型与条形镀层模型在注入点的磁场强度时域图像
Figure 12. Time-domain images of the magnetic field strength of the full coating model and the strip coating model at the injection point
图 14 非线性冲击磁铁的束流耦合阻抗对比分析
Figure 14. Comparison of beam coupling impedances of pulsed nonlinear magnet
表 1 脉冲非线性磁铁设计参数
Table 1. Pulsed nonlinear magnet design parameters
vertical
gap/mmlength/
mmmaterial wire
diameter/mminner traverse center
coordinates/mmouter traverse center
coordinates/mmmagnetic
inductance/μHmax. peak
current/Amax. charging
voltage/kV10 500 oxygen-free copper 2 (7，8)±0.04 (9.5，13)±0.04 1.1 5355 20.2 
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表 2 不同Ti镀膜厚度在注入点x0=−5 mm的参数
Table 2. Parameters with different Ti coating thicknesses at the injection point x0=−5 mm
coating thickness/μm peak moment/μs peak magnetic field/T peak integration field/(T·m) 0 0.5 0.0296 0.0148 1 0.54 0.0291 0.0145 5 0.63 0.0268 0.0134 10 0.72 0.0251 0.0126 50 1.13 0.0159 0.0080
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表 3 不同间隙下非线性冲击磁铁注入点磁场强度、中心区平坦度
Table 3. Magnetic field strength and flatness of the central region at the injection point under different gaps
gap spacing/mm peak moment/μs peak magnetic field/T maximum magnetic field/mT 1 0.53 0.0293 0.0056 2 0.53 0.0290 0.2120 3 0.52 0.0294 0.1470 4 0.51 0.0292 0.0093
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