快脉冲直线变压器初级放电单元开关电容一体化设计

张天洋; 黄涛; 丛培天; 罗维熙; 尹佳辉; 翟戎骁

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202436.240291

快脉冲直线变压器初级放电单元开关电容一体化设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202436.240291

强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室，西北核技术研究所，西安 710024

详细信息

作者简介:
张天洋，zhangtianyang@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: TN78
计量
- 文章访问数: 117
- HTML全文浏览量: 40
- PDF下载量: 17
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-29
- 修回日期: 2024-10-09
- 录用日期: 2024-10-09
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2024-11-01

Assembly design of switch and capacitor for fast linear transformer driver primary discharge unit

National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China

摘要

摘要: 开关电容器组成的初级放电支路是快脉冲直线变压器（FLTD）的基本单元，在输出电流幅值和前沿不变的前提下，降低单元回路电感可有效减少放电支路及气体开关的使用数量，从而提高FLTD的整体可靠性。因此，设法降低初级支路电感是FLTD关键技术。基于开关电容一体化技术研制了一台低电感FLTD初级放电单元，采用环形高压脉冲电容器作为能量储能元件，其工作电压100 kV，电容量39.6 nF，内电感8.8 nH。实验测试了初级放电单元的工作特性，结果表明：在±50 kV工作电压下，初级放电单元的短路电流幅值40 kA，前沿50 ns，回路电感为101 nH；在±80 kV工作电压下，初级放电单元对匹配负载的输出电流幅值为30 kA，前沿66 ns。
- 快脉冲直线型变压器 /
- 开关电容一体化 /
- 初级放电支路 /
- 低电感
Abstract: The primary discharge circuit composed of switch and capacitors is the basic unit of fast linear transformer driver (FLTD). Under the condition that the amplitude and rise time of the output current are constant, the number of the units and the gas switches can be reduced effectively by reducing the inductance of the unit circuit, thus the overall reliability of FLTD can be improved. Therefore, reducing the inductance of the primary discharge circuit is always the key technology of FLTD. A low inductance FLTD primary discharge unit is developed based on switch and capacitor assembly technology in this paper. The unit uses ring-shaped high voltage pulse capacitor as energy storage element. Its operating voltage is 100 kV, capacity is 39.6 nF, and internal inductance is 8.8 nH. The working characteristics of the primary discharge unit are tested. The experimental results show that when the charging voltage of the capacitor is ±50 kV, the short-circuit output current amplitude of the primary discharge unit is 40 kA, the rise time is 50 ns, and the loop inductance is 101 nH. When the charging voltage of the capacitor is ±80 kV, the output current amplitude of the primary discharge unit to the matched load is 30 kA and the rise time is 66 ns.
- fast linear transformer driver /
- switch and capacitor integration /
- primary discharge circuit /
- low inductance

HTML全文

图 1 新型初级放电单元结构示意图

Figure 1. Structure diagram of new type primary discharge unit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 环形高压脉冲电容器结构示意图

Figure 2. Structure diagram of ring-shaped high voltage pulse capacitor

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 环形高压脉冲电容器阻抗虚部扫频结果

Figure 3. Frequency sweeping result of impedance virtual part of ring-shaped high voltage pulse capacitor

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 初级放电单元实验测试平台

Figure 4. Experimental test platform for primary discharge unit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 短路条件下的放电电流波形

Figure 5. Discharge current waveform under short circuit condition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 匹配负载条件下的放电电流波形

Figure 6. Discharge current waveform under matching load condition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(17)

[1]	彭先觉, 刘成安, 陈银亮, 等. 核爆聚变电站——人类未来能源的希望[J]. 中国工程科学, 2008, 10(1):39-46 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2008.01.007 Peng Xianjue, Liu Cheng’an, Chen Yinliang, et al. Nuclear explosion fusion power plant—the hope of the mankind future energy[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2008, 10(1): 39-46 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2008.01.007
[2]	房俊文. 浅谈核聚变能源——未来的清洁能源[J]. 中国西部科技, 2012, 11(3):55-56 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6396.2012.03.026 Fang Junwen. Introduction to fusion energy - the clean energy of the future[J]. Science and Technology of West China, 2012, 11(3): 55-56 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6396.2012.03.026
[3]	Olson C. Progress on Z-Pinch IFE and HIF target work on Z[C]//Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Heavy Ion Inertial Fusion. 2004: 7-11.
[4]	华欣生, 彭先觉. 快Z箍缩等离子体研究与能源前景[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2009, 21(6):801-807 Hua Xinsheng, Peng Xianjue. Fast Z-pinch plasma research and application prospect for fusion energy[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2009, 21(6): 801-807
[5]	孙凤举, 邱爱慈, 魏浩, 等. 快Z箍缩百太瓦级脉冲驱动源概念设计的发展[J]. 现代应用物理, 2017, 8:020102 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2017.020102 Sun Fengju, Qiu Aici, Wei Hao, et al. Development of conceptual design on fast Z-Pinch pulsed power driver with hundreds of terawatt[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2017, 8: 020102 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2017.020102
[6]	孙凤举, 姜晓峰, 王志国, 等. 四级串联共用腔体MA级FLTD的设计与仿真[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2018, 30:035001 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170351 Sun Fengju, Jiang Xiaofeng, Wang Zhiguo, et al. Design and simulation of fast linear transformer driver with four stages in series sharing common cavity shell and mega-ampere current[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2018, 30: 035001 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170351
[7]	单连强, 吴凤娟, 袁宗强, 等. 激光惯性约束聚变动理学效应研究进展[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2021, 33:012004 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200235 Shan Lianqiang, Wu Fengjuan, Yuan Zongqiang, et al. Research progress of kinetic effects in laser inertial confinement fusion[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 012004 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200235
[8]	刘燕, 刘腊群, 周良骥, 等. 一种新型低电感磁绝缘传输线的冷腔特性[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2022, 34:063005 Liu Yan, Liu Laqun, Zhou Liangji, et al. Cold cavity characteristics of a new type of low-inductance magnetically insulated transmission line[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2022, 34: 063005
[9]	王志国, 孙凤举, 姜晓峰, 等. FLTD大规模气体开关同步触发技术研究[J]. 现代应用物理, 2022, 13:040407 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040407 Wang Zhiguo, Sun Fengju, Jiang Xiaofeng, et al. Synchronous trigger technology for large-scale gas switches of FLTD[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2022, 13: 040407 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040407
[10]	降宏瑜, 姜晓峰, 王志国, 等. LTD多间隙气体开关电场优化及自放率实验研究[J]. 现代应用物理, 2022, 13:040410 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040410 Jiang Hongyu, Jiang Xiaofeng, Wang Zhiguo, et al. Electric field optimization and pre-fire rate of LTD multi-gap gas switch[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2022, 13: 040410 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040410
[11]	Kim A A, Kovalchuk B M, Bastrikov A N, et al. 100 ns current rise time LTD stage[C]//Proceedings of the 28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. Digest of Papers. 2001: 1491-1494.
[12]	Kim A A, Sinebryukhov V, Kovalchuk B M, et al. Super fast 75 ns LTD stage[C]//Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. 2007: 148-151.
[13]	Kim A A, Bastrikov A N, Kovalchuk B M, et al. 100GW fast LTD stages[C]//Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on High Current Electronics. 2004: 141-144.
[14]	Woodworth J R, Alexander J A, Gruner F R, et al. Low-inductance gas switches for linear transformer drivers[J]. Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams, 2009, 12: 060401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.12.060401
[15]	孙凤举, 邱爱慈, 姜晓峰, 等. 基于共用腔体与内置触发的12级串联太瓦级LTD脉冲源[J]. 现代应用物理, 2022, 13:040404 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040404 Sun Fengju, Qiu Aici, Jiang Xiaofeng, et al. Twelve-stage linear transformer driver with one terra-watts power on a sharing common cavity shell and internal in-situ triggering method[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2022, 13: 040404 doi: 10.12061/j.issn.2095-6223.2022.040404
[16]	Douglass J D, Hutsel B T, Leckbee J J, et al. 100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: design, simulations, and performance[J]. Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, 2018, 21: 120401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401
[17]	Zharova N V, Lavrinovich I V, Feduschak V F, et al. Compact nanosecond pulse generator[C]//Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on High current Electronics. 2010: 300-302.