Design and preliminary experiment of high power long lifetime gas spark switch
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摘要: 针对初期设计的尼龙外壳同轴三电极开关完成了寿命实验，三只开关样品的寿命分别为20.4万次、43.3万次和15.1万次。根据寿命实验结果同时对开关结构和外壳材料进行了改进，初步实验结果表明，改进后的5只气体开关样品除陶瓷外壳开关提前损坏以外，其余3只有机玻璃外壳开关均已完成30万次寿命实验，并且其自击穿电压各自保持了较好的稳定性，标准偏差未明显变大。补充开展的触发实验结果表明，3只有机玻璃外壳开关触发性能基本稳定。根据自击穿电压的变化情况以及30万次寿命实验后开关的触发延时和抖动等参数，预期改进设计开关的寿命将会超过原初设计开关。Abstract: The lifetime test of initial designed nylon packaged coaxial three-electrode gas spark switch has finished. It shows that the lifetimes of three switch samples are 204 000, 433 000 and 151 000 times, respectively. Based on the test results, an improved design with respect to structure and insulator material of switch is proposed. Preliminary test results show that each of the three switch samples with PMMA insulator has finished 300 000 shots, and their self-breakdown voltages keep good stability. According to variation of self-breakdown voltage, the delay time and jitter of switches in triggering experiments, the predicted lifetime of the switch of the improved design will exceed that of the initial former design.
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Key words:
- gas spark switch /
- long lifetime /
- self-breakdown voltage
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图 1 100 kV/20 kA长寿命气体开关早期结构及实物照片
Figure 1. Schematic structure of primary design and photograph of 100 kV/20 kA gas spark switch
图 2 高气压气体开关寿命考核实验线路及实验平台
Figure 2. Circuit and platform for single switch lifetime test
图 3 100 kV/20 kA长寿命气体开关实验后绝缘壳体及主电极照片
Figure 3. Photograph of nylon insulator and high voltage electrode after lifetime test
图 4 100 kV/20 kA长寿命气体开关改进结构
Figure 4. Improved structure design of 100 kV/20 kA gas spark switch
图 6 寿命终止后的陶瓷外壳2#开关
Figure 6. Ceramic packaged switch, on whose outer surface flashover occuerd
表 1 改进设计后的高压气体开关寿命考核实验结果
Table 1. Lifetime test results of gas spark switches with improved design
switch type total shots last status of switch ceramic package-1 0 ceramic body fractured before test ceramic package-2 155 463 flashover happened PMMA package-1 302 184 normal PMMA package-2 302 184 normal PMMA package-3 302 184 normal 
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表 2 改进设计后的高压气体开关自击穿电压变化情况
Table 2. Variation of self-breakdown voltage of gas spark switches with improved design
shot No. average
voltage/kVstandard
deviation/kVaverage
voltage/kVstandard
deviation/kVaverage
voltage/kVstandard
deviation/kVaverage
voltage/kVstandard
deviation/kVceramic package-1# PMMA package-1# PMMA package-2# PMMA package-3# 000001～000010 90.6 1.2 89.6 1.4 90.4 1.0 90.0 1.2 100001～100010 92.2 1.6 91.4 1.4 93.4 0.8 92.4 1.2 200001～200010 − − 96.2 1.0 94.8 1.4 95.0 1.2 300001～300010 − − 98.2 1.6 99.0 1.2 99.4 1.5
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表 3 30万次寿命实验后高压气体开关触发性能
Table 3. Delay time and jitter of gas spark switches in triggering experiments after lifetime test
switch type delay time/ns jitter/ns PMMA package-1# 59.4 2.6 PMMA package-2# 55.3 2.1 PMMA package-3# 56.8 2.2
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