Abstract: In order to solve technical issues in the development of vaccum target chamber in Shenguang-Ⅲ laser facility, such as weak lateral stiffness and field precision fabrication and installation, the structural design and the whole manufacture process have been proposed. Combining the global stability design of the target area, the vertical pedestal, and the lateral support structure that can provide passive damping have been designed. The thickness of the chamber shell has been optimized. The alignment precision of the field fabrication of the target chamber is satisfied by using the special fixtures, i. e. the laser tracker, the six dimensional adjustment mechanism, and the custom-machined spacers, for accurately boring holes. The analysis shows that the mean root-mean-square value of displacement of 48 focusing lenses is 2.8 m. After construction, the height deviation of the target chamber center is 0.12 mm, the horizontal deviation is 0.18 mm. The centering deviations of the important flanges are from 0.35 mm to 0.4 mm.