碳纤维阴极的电子发射机制
Electron emission mechanism of carbon fiber cathode
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摘要: 建立了金属阴极和碳纤维阴极的电子发射机制模型，发射后的阴极和碳纤维阴极的微观照片证实了模型的正确性。实验结果与分析表明：一种优化的阴极应该具备多种电子发射机制，整个阴极的电子发射更均匀，碳纤维阴极的电子发射不仅具有尖端的场发射，而且伴随着侧向的表面闪络(随纹)。此外和金属阴极相比较，处理后碳纤维阴极具有较慢的等离子体膨胀速度(≤1 cm/μs)并使该实验用微波源具有较宽的微波脉冲输出(≥200 ns)。Abstract: Models of electron emission mechanism are established concerning metal and carbon fiber cathodes. Correctness of the electron emission mechanism was proved according to micro-photos and electron scanning photos of cathodes respectively. The experimental results and analysis show that the surface flashover induces the electron emission of carbon fiber cathode and there are electron emission phenomena from the top of the carbon and also from its side surface. In addition, compared with the case of the stainless steel cathode, the plasma expansion velocity for the carbon fiber cathode is slower and the pulse duration of output microwave can be widened by using the carbon fiber cathode.
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