近海边高空光学湍流的探空测量与模式比较
Optical turbulence measurements on the coast with balloon-borne thermosonde and comparison with model
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摘要: 用自行研制的探空仪测量了近海边高空湍流廓线。探空气球携带微温传感器以4 m·s-1速度上升至20 km测量大气湍流，微温传感器附加在59型气象探空仪上，可同时测量垂直空间分辨率为30 m的气压、温度和湿度以及折射率结构常数。运用Tatarskii公式计算了高空湍流外尺度，分析了边界层湍流和自由大气层湍流特征。与AFGL AMOS模式、Hufnagel模式以及北京天文台兴隆站的探空拟合曲线进行的比较发现，海边测量的高空湍流强度比其它模式大2个量级，折射率结构常数随高度从表面层较大值以近似相同的递减率缓慢地减小，对流层顶附近没有出现较强的湍流区，外尺度测量值小于30 m，并得到外尺度的拟合曲线。Abstract: The optical trubulence on the coast has been measured with balloon borne thermosonde developed by ourselves.The thermosonde is lifted up to 20 km by hydrogen inflated balloons at a climbing rate of 4 m·s-1.The microthermal sensor is coupled to a meteorologic radiosonde(59 type),which is able to transmit pressure,temperature, humidity,and refractive index structure constant each 30 m height interval.The outer scale is estimated by Tatarski formula. Comparing with AFGL AMOS model,Hufnagel model,Xinglong fitting model based on balloon measurements from Xinglong station, Beijing observatory, it is shown that refractive index structure constant measured over sea is 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of the models. Profile of refractive index structure constant falls off slowly from the su
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