新型径向三腔同轴虚阴极振荡器的模拟研究
Radial three-cavity coaxial virtual cathode oscillator
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摘要: 提出了一种新型的径向三腔同轴虚阴极振荡器，并对其进行了理论分析和数值模拟。这种虚阴极振荡器采用径向三腔结构，通过改变束-波互作用区的电场分布来提高电子束与TM01模式的耦合效率，并通过采用准谐振腔的结构来进一步抑制模式竞争以获得较高的输出微波增益。同时采用能量同轴提取的方式进一步提高器件的功率和效率。粒子模拟结果表明，在二极管电压400 kV，束流50 kA的条件下，径向三腔同轴虚阴极振荡器在4.14 GHz处获得了平均功率约2.45 GW的微波输出，功率转换效率达到12％。输出微波模式纯度较高，频谱非常窄。Abstract: A new radial three-cavity structure of the coaxial virtual cathode oscillator is proposed and studied numerically in this paper. Using the radial three-cavity structure, the beam-wave conversion efficiency is enhanced by modulating the E-field in the beam-wave interaction area, whereas the resonator composed of the radial three-cavity configuration and the mesh anode helps restrain mode competition efficiently. Also, the output microwave power is improved by the coaxial extraction structure in respect that it benefits the energy extraction and it absorbs the used electrons entering the drifting tube. With an electron beam of 400 kV and 50 kA, a peak instantaneous power about 6 GW is achieved by simulation at 4.14 GHz. The peak period-averaged power reaches 2.45 GW and the beam-wave convers
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