高效率磁绝缘线振荡器的设计和数值模拟
Design and numerical simulation of high efficiency MILO
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摘要: 运用2维全电磁粒子模拟程序，综合硬管磁绝缘线振荡器和渐变型磁绝缘线振荡器的优点，设计了具有较易起振和较高效率L波段磁绝缘线振荡器。在普通L波段MILO的基础上,主要进行了两个方面的改进，一是将磁绝缘二极管设计为轴向，即绝缘磁场主要由阴极端面发射的电流提供，二极管间隙为2.2 cm；二是增加慢波结构叶片数目，加入渐变叶片结构，形成渐变MILO模型，叶片总数为13。并针对矩形和具有慢上升前沿的脉冲电压波形分别进行了输出腔、叶片等的优化。两种优化模型在输入电压500~600 kV时，在L波段都获得输出周期平均功率超过5 GW、效率大于20%的微波输出。并对实验中可能产生的射频击穿的问题，提出采用对扼流片尖端进行倒角处理以降低场强。模拟表明，该方法对输出功率和效率影响不大，但有效减小了击穿压力。Abstract: A high-efficiency L-MILO is designed based on advantageous mechanisms of both hard-tube MILO and tapered MILO by 2D particle-in-cell(PIC) electromagnetic code . The high-efficiency L-MILO has high efficiency and is easy to work up. The design is optimized under rectangular voltages and pulse voltages with long rising time respectively. Each optimal model outputs microwave signal with power averaged in a period above 5 GW and efficiency above 20% in L-band when the peak of input voltage is between 500~600 kV. Possible problem in the future experiment and the corresponding resolution are discussed.
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Key words:
- high power microwave /
- tapered structure /
- milo /
- radio frequency breakdown /
- optimal design /
- numerical simulation
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