S波段相对论速调管振荡器的实验研究
Experimental investigation on an S-band relativistic klystron oscillator
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摘要: 在20 GW加速器平台上开展了S波段相对论速调管振荡器（RKO）的单次和重复频率束流调制和微波辐射的实验研究。采用无箔空心阴极和0.9 T的恒流源磁场引出束压1 MV、束流13 kA、脉宽40 ns的环形电子束驱动RKO，该电子束经过3个紧密耦合的扩展互作用腔再经过一段漂移管的群聚后，产生了7.8 kA/20 ns的基波调制束流，该调制束流激励三轴输出腔，单次运行输出了3.5 GW的微波辐射，束波转换效率29%，脉宽20 ns；脉冲重复频率20 Hz运行时，输出微波功率3.4 GW，束波转换效率26%。该振荡器具有起振时间快、输出频谱较纯和结构紧凑等优点。Abstract: The modulation mechanism and RF extraction of an S-band relativistic klystron oscillator were studied via experiment. It is found that intense relativistic electron beams(IREBs) can generate intense current modulation when the IREBs drift through three pillboxes with high coupling. After bunching in the downstream the modulated IREBs can excite high power microwave in the triaxial cavity. The RKO has properties of short oscillating time, compact geometry and high beam-wave conversion efficiency. Using a 1 MV/13 kA/40 ns electron beam and leading magnetic field of 0.9 T, 3.5 GW radiated power was extracted in 20 ns FWHM pulses at 2.86 GHz. The beam-wave transition efficiency is 29%, and the instantaneous bandwidth is 2%. The radiated power is 3.4 GW with the efficiency of 26% when repetitiv
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