Abstract: The principle of a lidar system for measuring atmospheric turbulence vertical profiles has been introduced. The profile retrieval technique is based on the measurement of coherent lengths of different atmospheric layers, and uses plane wave approximation algorithm in profile inversion. The data of atmospheric turbulence vertical profiles were got by the experiment lidar system, and compared with the data from microthermal meter at the same altitude. This comparative experiment has validated the feasibility of the approximation iterative algorithms of the integrat. Experiment errors was discussed at last.