316L不锈钢粉末光纤激光选区熔化特性
Fiber laser selective melting of 316L stainless steel powder
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摘要: 采用自行研制的光纤激光选区熔化快速成型设备，研究了选区激光熔化316L不锈钢粉末工艺参数、能量输入与样件致密度、表面形貌之间的关系以及微观组织特征。结果表明：扫描速度对成型效果影响最为显著；样件致密度随着激光能量密度提高有逐渐增大的趋势；能量密度作为选区激光熔化工艺的技术指标具有可操作性；表面形貌由激光功率与扫描速度比值所决定。深入探讨了能量输入、熔化凝固行为、激光功率与扫描速度比值与样件致密度、表面形貌的关系。结果表明：选区激光熔化凝固组织层内、层间熔合处为弧形，且为冶金结合，金相组织主要由柱状晶与等轴晶组成，层内靠近熔合线周围是柱状晶，而层间靠近熔合线附近主要是细小等轴晶，晶粒直径为1 μm左右。Abstract: A selective laser melting (SLM) system equipped with fiber laser was designed to study the technical parameters, energy density, relative density, surface profile and characteristics of micro structures of 316L stainless steel powder. Results show that the scan speed has most significant effect on fabrication results, and the relative density increases with the energy density as an appropriate operational technical factor in SLM process. Surface profiles are determined by the ratio between laser power and scan speed. The relations among energy input, the melting and solidification way of the powder, the ratio between laser power and scan speed, relative density and surface profiles are deeply discussed. The micro-structure of SLM part’s fused line that between adjacent tracks or interlaye
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Key words:
- rapid manufacturing /
- selective laser melting /
- energy density /
- surface profile /
- micro-structure
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