Abstract: In the inertial confinement fusion (ICF), to achieve optimum fuel compression, the laser beams must irradiate the target uniformly, which require excellent beam quality. The effect of stimulated rotational Raman scattering (SRRS) leads to losses of beam quality. In this paper, using the modeling of transient stimulated rotational Raman scattering and considering many factors including the pulsedshape of laser beams, the nonlinear polarization of the medium, the depletion of pump laser, the nonlinear amplifier of the Stokes field, and the Raman bandwidth, etc. the SRRS of highpower ultraviolet laser beams in long air path is studied. The conversion efficiency of SRRS and the threshold condition for the SRRS effect is also discussed. The effect of SRRS on laser beam quality is analyzed i