Preliminary evaluation of current loss mechanism caused by electron emission at current convergence region on pulsed power facilities
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摘要: 面向大型脉冲功率装置聚龙一号(PTS装置),以电磁粒子模拟方法(PIC)为依托,围绕真空汇流区双层柱-孔盘旋(DPHC)结构区域,研究电子发射对DPHC结构在电流传输、汇聚过程中的影响。使用全三维大规模并行粒子模拟软件NEPTUNE3D,简化并建立DPHC结构的物理和几何模型,利用全电路数值模拟的方法获得PTS装置真空轴向绝缘堆处开路和短路电压波形曲线作为输入条件,计算得到DPHC结构中磁场强度分布。分别考虑是否存在电子发射过程,获得输出端电流损失随时间变化曲线,经过对比得到峰值时刻由阴极表面电子发射所导致的电流损失率为0.46%~0.48%。Abstract: In this paper, DPHCs function in PTS facility was preliminarily explored using NEPTUNE3D code. A series of cold-chamber tests were calculated and analyzed, in which only the electron emission on cathode surface was considered without energy deposition and temperature rise. In order to calculate the acceleration, a simplified 3D geometry model was developed and used as an initial parameter. The full-circuit way about PTS facility was simulated in order to acquire voltage curves from vacuum insulator B under different loads, which were used as input driving signals in following PIC simulations. With the help of visualization tools, the distribution of the magnetic field and the clearer positions of magnetic nulls were both acquired and displayed in 2D and 3D schematics. Calculated results and data proved that DPHC behaved efficiently during current transforming and energy convergence. Preliminary research about the process of electron emission and transportation under high voltage curve were explored, and the current loss efficiencies were estimated to be around 0.46%~0.48% under different driving sources. The simulation results let us understand the DPHC functions in pulsed power systems better.
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