神龙二号热阴极注入器束流调试

代志勇; 杨治勇; 臧宗旸; 张晓波; 石金水; 李劲; 赖青贵; 王敏鸿

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.170098

神龙二号热阴极注入器束流调试

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170098

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所, 四川绵阳 621900

基金项目: 国家专项基金项目

详细信息

作者简介:
代志勇(1968—)，男，博士，研究员，从事强流电子束输运与聚焦研究; dzycaep@sina.cn

中图分类号: TL501;TL503
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-29
- 修回日期: 2018-01-24
- 刊出日期: 2018-07-15

Beam transport tuning of Dragon-Ⅱ injector with thermal cathode

Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, P. O. Box 919-106, Mianyang 621900, China

摘要

摘要: 神龙二号注入器是一台感应叠加型强流脉冲电子束源，采用热阴极工作模式，为神龙二号加速器提供间隔可调的三脉冲电子束。该注入器的束流调试采取PIC模拟和实验调试交互验证、互相促进的方式，先是通过束斑测量确定引导线圈磁场的加载范围，然后通过PIC方法逐级梳理阳极段束线各线圈的磁场配置，再通过束斑测量加以确认。通过这种束流调试方法，获得了保持束流脉冲平顶完整通过的三种磁场配置，以适应下游加速段束流传输的不同要求。讨论了影响束流调试效果的因素，认为提升神龙二号注入器性能的关键是进一步改进大面积热阴极发射的均匀性。
- 注入器 /
- 热阴极 /
- 束流调试 /
- PIC模拟
Abstract: The Dragon-Ⅱ injector is a strong current pulse electron beam source, it is an inductive adder with thermal cathode and provides three pulse beams with adjustable pulse interval for Dragon-Ⅱ LIA. The way with cross validation and mutual promotion of PIC simulations and experiments is adopted during the injector beam tuning. First, the magnetic field loading range of the leading solenoid is determined approximately by the beam spot measurements. Second, the magnetic field configuration of every solenoid installed in the anode beam line is simulated by PIC step by step, and then confirmed by the beam spot measurements. By this means, three kinds of magnetic field configurations which can keep the pulse flat-topped completely are obtained in order to meet the different requirements of the downstream beam transportation. Finally, the factors affecting the effects of beam tuning are discussed and the key to the injector performance improvement is considered to be further improving the emission uniformity of the large area thermal cathode.
- injector /
- thermal cathode /
- beam tuning /
- PIC simulation

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图 1 神龙二号注入器束线

Figure 1. Layout of beam transport line in Dragon-Ⅱ injector

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图 2 PIC模拟中的二极管电压加载波形

Figure 2. Diode voltage waveforms in PIC simulation

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图 3 三种磁场配置的PIC模拟结果

Figure 3. PIC simulation results

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图 4 注入器束流波形的模拟结果与BPM测量结果比较

Figure 4. PIC simulation results of beam current waveforms compared with BPM measured at injector exit

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图 5 不同轮次调试实验中出现的几种束斑图像

Figure 5. Several beam images in different tunes

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图 6 同一轮次调试实验中不同输运磁场下的束斑变化

Figure 6. Variations of beam spot in one tune

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表 1 神龙二号注入器线圈磁铁参数

Table 1. Parameters of solenoid magnets in Dragon-Ⅱ injector

solenoid magnet	length/mm	average radius of winding/mm	winding turns	location (from cathode plane)/cm	peak magnetic field/(10^-4 T·A^-1)
BC	119	254	416	-12.4	9.8
LC1	172	175	732	42.6	23.5
LC2	217	175	923	84.4	28.1
Z08~Z12	373	239	1320	145.6~334.8	27.0
Z13	373	239	2320	381.0	27.0
MC	338	108.4	1920	432.3	60.2

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表 2 注入器线圈励磁电流的三种配置

Table 2. Three kinds of magnetic field configuration of Dragon-Ⅱ injector

solenoid magnet	exciting current/A			solenoid magnet	exciting current/A
solenoid magnet	tune A	tune B	tune C	solenoid magnet	tune A	tune B	tune C
BC	6.8	5.7	5.7	LC1	43	35	35
LC2	0	10	10	Z08	8	15	8
Z09	10	16	10	Z10	13	17	13
Z11	12	18	12	Z12	13	19	13
Z13	0	20	0	MC	10	15	10

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表 3 二极管区线圈对阴极面中心轴向磁场的贡献

Table 3. Remains of magnetic field in cathode surface caused by diode area solenoids

solenoid magnet	calculated B_z/(10^-4 T·A^-1)	measured B_z/(10^-4 T·A^-1)
BC	-4.337	-4.300
LC1	0.678	0.688
LC2	0.094	0.075

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表 4 调节LC1时束斑变化情况

Table 4. Variation of beam spot in LC1 adjustment

shot	I_BC/A	I_LC1/A	peak current/kA	peak voltage/MV	beam size/cm	beam shape
No.1674	6.8	43	2.29	2.62	9.7
No.1663	7.2	45	2.25	2.61	7.5
No.1668	7.4	46	2.22	2.59	6.5
No.1669	7.5	47	2.25	2.57	6.6
No.1672	7.9	49	2.21	2.56	8.6

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表 5 调节Z08时束斑变化

Table 5. Variation of beam spot in Z08 adjustment

shot	I_Z08/A	peak current/kA	peak voltage/MV	beam size/cm	beam shape
No.1675	10	2.25	2.61	7.6
No.1676	15	2.27	2.63	6.0
No.1680	17	2.26	2.61	4.8
No.1677	20	2.22	2.59	3.6
No.1678	25	2.28	2.62	2.6
No.1679	30	2.33	2.59	4.1

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