聚合物绝缘子表面微结构构筑及闪络性能

霍艳坤; 刘文元; 柯昌凤; 段荔; 赵小什; 陈昌华

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.170280

聚合物绝缘子表面微结构构筑及闪络性能

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170280

1.
西北核技术研究所, 西安 710024
2.
湘潭大学材料科学与工程学院, 湖南湘潭 411105

详细信息

作者简介:
霍艳坤(1992—), 男，硕士，从事聚合物绝缘材料的制备及应用研究; huoyankun@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: TM215.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-20
- 修回日期: 2017-08-09
- 刊出日期: 2018-03-15

Construction of micro-structure on polymer insulators and their surface flashover characteristics

1.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
2.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China

摘要

摘要: 对聚合物绝缘子表面微形貌的构筑方法及其对沿面闪络性能的影响进行了研究。首先以二氧化硅微球为模板，利用化学模板法在交联聚苯乙烯(CLPS)表面实现了μm级孔穴的构筑，研究了二氧化硅微球的颗粒直径及添加量对微孔参数的影响；其次，利用激光刻蚀的方法在有机玻璃(PMMA)绝缘子表面实现了百μm级三角形凹槽阵列的构筑，探索了激光工艺参数对微槽形貌和结构的影响。通过短脉冲高压测试平台对构筑了两种不同微形貌的绝缘子进行了真空沿面闪络性能测试。结果表明：沿面闪络电压均获得了显著提升，其中表面带有合适微槽的PMMA绝缘子的闪络电压相比于未处理的绝缘子提升了将近150%；与传统的表面机械加工处理方法相比，在聚合物表面实现了从μm到数百μm量级微结构的可控构筑，并使真空沿面闪络电压获得了稳定提升。
- 沿面闪络 /
- 有机玻璃 /
- 交联聚苯乙烯 /
- 可控微形貌
Abstract: Surface micro structure is a key influence factor on surface flashover of insulators. This paper studied the construction methods of micro-structure on polymer insulators as well as its effect on surface flashover characteristics. Firstly, taking SiO₂ micro balls as template, the method of chemical templating was applied to realize the construction of micro holes on the surface of CLPS. The effect of diameters of SiO₂ ball and volume of addition on the morphology was also studied. Secondly, laser micro treatment was used to construct triangular grooves in hundreds of microns on the surface of PMMA insulators and the influence of laser parameters on the morphology and structure of micro grooves was explored as well. Surface flashover test of the insulators with the aforementioned micro structure in different scales was conducted on a short-pulsed high voltage platform. The results show there was a big increase in surface hole-off voltage. Compared with the traditional surface roughness treatment by polishing, the construction of micro structure on the surface of polymer in this paper is controllable and the increase of flashover voltages is stable.
- surface flashover /
- PMMA /
- CLPS /
- controllable micro structure

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图 1 表面带有μm级孔穴的绝缘子合成示意图

Figure 1. Flow chart of synthesis of insulators with micro holes on surface

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图 2 激光在绝缘子旋转刻蚀示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of laser spinning carving

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图 3 短脉冲高压测试平台与闪络发生时波形图

Figure 3. Short-pulsed high voltage platform and waveform of flashover

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图 4 CLPS/SiO₂复合材料与腐蚀后表面的反射红外谱图

Figure 4. IR reflection of CLPS/SiO₂ composite materials before and after corrosion

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图 5 不同质量分数下的SiO₂微米球造孔密度变化与微孔形态

Figure 5. Changes of hole density and morphology in different SiO₂ mass fraction

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图 6 CLPS绝缘子表面不同尺寸微孔的SEM图

Figure 6. SEM images of micro holes on surface of CLPS in different scales

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图 7 作用次数对表面微槽深度影响

Figure 7. Influence of treatment times on groove depth

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图 8 激光作用次数与微槽角度的关系

Figure 8. Relationship between groove angles and treatment times by laser

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图 9 线密度对表面微槽宽度影响

Figure 9. Relationship between line density and groove width

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图 10 微孔大小与微孔密度与闪络电压的关系图

Figure 10. Influence of hole scales and density on flashover voltage

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图 11 微槽深度与密度与闪络电压的关系图

Figure 11. Influence of groove depth and density on flashover voltage

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