聚苯乙烯/纳米铝复合材料的流变特性及纺丝研究

陈文姣; 谢芮; 罗雯利; 刘才林; 彭碧辉; 杨海君; 任先艳

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.170352

聚苯乙烯/纳米铝复合材料的流变特性及纺丝研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170352

西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院，四川绵阳 621010

基金项目:

西南科技大学人才项目 16zx7139

详细信息

作者简介:
陈文姣(1993—)，女，硕士，从事聚合物基复合材料研究；18381696818@163.com

通讯作者:
刘才林(1964—)，男，博士，教授，从事聚合物基复合材料研究；liucailin2013@163.com

中图分类号: TB333
计量
- 文章访问数: 1184
- HTML全文浏览量: 274
- PDF下载量: 163
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-09-05
- 修回日期: 2017-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2018-04-15

Rheological and spinning properties of polystyrene/nano aluminum composites

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

摘要

摘要: 为有效制得Z箍缩氘代聚苯乙烯/纳米铝(DPS/AlNPs)导电丝阵材料，采用PS中掺入AlNPs制备PS/AlNPs复合材料纤维进行模拟研究。研究了温度及剪切速率等因素对PS/AlNPs复合材料流变性能的影响、复合材料熔体的结构变化及流动状态与可纺性能的关系，以及PS/AlNPs纤维的形貌、热稳定性能和力学性能。结果表明：PS/AlNPs熔体属于典型剪切变稀型非牛顿流体，熔体的表观粘度与温度呈现负相关，240~260 ℃时复合材料的非牛顿指数介于0.462~0.546，结构黏度系数介于1.8~2.1，黏流活化能介于77.2~104.6 kJ·mol^-1，具有良好的可纺性。PS/AlNPs纤维表面光滑，对AlNPs粒子包覆良好且对其抗氧化非常有利，其中当AlNPs质量分数为1%时纤维的断裂伸长率突出、掺量为5%时其断裂强度较高。
- 纳米铝 /
- 聚苯乙烯 /
- 流变性能 /
- 纺丝性能 /
- 复合纤维
Abstract: PS/AlNPs composite fibers were prepared by adding AlNPs into PS to finish the simulation study of conductive matrix materials for Z-pinch: deuterated polystyrene/nano-aluminum (DPS/AlNPs). The effects of temperature and shear rate on the rheological properties, the relationship between the structural changes, the flow condition of composites melt and the properties of PS/AlNPs, as well as the morphology, thermal stability and mechanical properties of PS/AlNPs fiber were investigated. The results show that the PS/AlNPs melt is a typical shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid, and the apparent viscosity of the melt is negatively correlated with the temperature. The composite possesses non-Newtonian index of between 0.462 and 0.546 at 240-260 ℃, the coefficient of viscosity of about 1.8 to 2.1, and the activation energy of viscous flow sitting between 77.2 and 104.6 kJ mol^-1, showing its good spinnability. The PS shows its ability to coat AlNPs very well and prohibits the AlNPs being oxided, giving birth to a PS/AlNPs fiber possessing smooth surface. The fiber has the biggest elongation at break and the highest breaking strength when the content of AlNPs is 1% and 5%, respectively.
- nano aluminum /
- polystyrene /
- rheological properties /
- spinning performance /
- composite fiber

HTML全文

图 1 240 ℃时PS及PS/AlNPs熔体的lgτ与lgγ的关系

Figure 1. Flow curve of lgτ vs lgγ of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 240 ℃时PS/AlNPs的lgη_a与γ^1/2的关系曲线

Figure 2. Plot of lgη_a vs γ^1/2 of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 PS/AlNPs的剪切黏度与温度的关系曲线

Figure 3. Plot of lnη_a vs 1/T of PS/AlNPs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同掺量PS/AlNPs复合纤维的SEM照片

Figure 4. SEM micrograph of PS/AlNPs composites fiber with various qualities of AlNPs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 PS/AlNPs复合纤维表面的SEM扫描图像

Figure 5. SEM image of surface of PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 PS/AlNPs复合纤维表面的EDS扫描图谱

Figure 6. The EDS scanning spectrum of the surface of PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 PS/AlNPs复合纤维的截面FSEM扫描图像

Figure 7. FSEM image of section of PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 PS/AlNPs复合纤维的截面EDS扫描图谱

Figure 8. EDS scanning spectrum of section of PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同AlNPs掺量的PS/AlNPs的黏度-温度曲线

Figure 9. Viscosity-temperature curves of PS/AlNPs containing different amount of AlNPs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 PS/AlNPs纤维断裂强度、断裂伸长率与AlNPs掺量的关系曲线

Figure 10. Correlation curve between breaking strength, breaking elongation ratio of PS/AlNPs fiber and the content of AlNPs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 PS/AlNPs及PS/AlNPs纤维的TG谱图

Figure 11. TG curves of PS/AlNPs and PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 PS/AlNPs纤维的X射线衍射图

Figure 12. XRD curves of PS/AlNPs fiber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 240 ℃下PS及PS/AlNPs的流动指数n

Table 1. Non-newtonian index of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

content/%	n	content/%	n	content/%	n
0	0.523	1	0.464	10	0.551
0.1	0.462	5	0.539	15	0.539

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 240 ℃时PS/AlNPs的结构黏度指数

Table 2. Structure viscosity index of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

content/%	Δη	content/%	Δη
0	2.0	5	1.8
0.1	2.1	10	1.8
1	2.1	15	1.8

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 240 ℃时不同掺量PS/AlNPs的黏流活化能

Table 3. Flow activation energy of PS/AlNPs of different dosage at 240 ℃

content/%	ΔE/(kJ·mol^-1)	content/%	ΔE/(kJ·mol^-1)
0	86.9	5	81.7
0.1	77.2	10	96.0
1	79.7	15	104.6

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 PS/AlNPs纤维的结晶度

Table 4. Crystallinity of PS/AlNPs fibers

spinning rate/(m·min^-1)	crystallinity/%
10	25.68
30	30.83
60	50.93

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(13)

[1]	杨波, 周秀文, 何伟, 等. Z箍缩靶用聚合物丝的弛豫特性[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2009, 21 (12): 1824-1828. http://www.hplpb.com.cn/article/id/4266 Yang Bo, Zhou Xiuwen, He Wei, et al. Relaxation property of polymer filaments used in Z-pinch target. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2009, 21(12): 1824-1828 http://www.hplpb.com.cn/article/id/4266
[2]	宦思琪, 程万里, 白龙, 等. 静电纺丝制备聚苯乙烯/纳米纤维素晶体纳米复合薄膜及其性能表征[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2016, 32(3): 141-146. doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2016.03.026 Huan Siqi, Cheng Wanli, Bai Long, et al. Fabrication and characterization of electrospun polystyrene/cellulose nanocrystals nanofibrous films. Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, 32(3): 141-146 doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2016.03.026
[3]	黄绘敏, 李振宇, 杨帆, 等. 静电纺丝法制备超细聚苯乙烯纳米纤维[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2007, 28(6): 1200-1202. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0251-0790.2007.06.049 Huang Huimin, Li Zhenyu, Yang Fan, et al. Ultrafine polystyrene nanofibers prepared by electrospinning. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2007, 28(6): 1200-1202 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0251-0790.2007.06.049
[4]	庞月红, 李朝霞, 沈晓芳, 等. 静电纺丝制备聚苯乙烯/石墨烯复合纳米纤维[J]. 化学通报, 2012, 75(11): 1040-1043. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXTB201211017.htm Pang Yuehong, Li Zhaoxia, Shen Xiaofang, et al. Preparation of polystyrene/graphene composite nanofibers by electrospinning technique. Chemistry, 2012, 75(11): 1040-1043 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXTB201211017.htm
[5]	管爱枝, 宋义虎, 谭业强, 等. 多壁碳纳米管填充聚苯乙烯复合体系的动态流变特性[J]. 高分子学报, 2011, 2(2): 224-228. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GFXB201102016.htm Guan Aizhi, Song Yihu, Tan Yeqiang, et al. Dynamic rheological properties of polystyrene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2011, 2(2): 224-228 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GFXB201102016.htm
[6]	王亓超, 于俊荣, 张天, 等. UHMWPE/LLDPE/HBP共混体系流变行为研究[J]. 高科技纤维与应用, 2012, 37(6): 43-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9815.2012.06.009 Wang Qichao, Yu Junrong, Zhang Tian, et al. Study on the rheological behavior of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/liner low density polyethylene/hyper-branched polyester-amide blends. Hi-Tech Fiber and Application, 2012, 37(6): 43-47 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9815.2012.06.009
[7]	梁基照. 口型入口角对HIPS熔体流动行为的影响[J]. 合成树脂及塑料, 1995, 12(3): 39-42. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HCSZ199503008.htm Liang Jizhao. Influence of die angle on the flow behaviour of HIPS melt. China Synthetic Resin and Plastics, 1995, 12(3): 39-42 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HCSZ199503008.htm
[8]	李新法, 张征, 魏爱卿, 等. 氯磺化聚乙烯流变性能研究[J]. 橡胶工业, 2004, 51(9): 521-523. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-890X.2004.09.002 Li Xinfa, Zhang Zheng, Wei Aiqing, et al. Study on rheological properties of chlorosulfonated polyethylene. China Rubber Industry, 2004, 51(9): 521-523 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-890X.2004.09.002
[9]	翟元明, 杨伟, 王宇, 等. 分子结构对LLDPE动态流变行为的影响[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2010, 26(1): 88-91. doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2010.01.025 Zhai Yuanming, Yang Wei, Wang Yu, et al. Effects of molecular structures of LLDPE on the dynamic rheological behaviors. Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, 2010, 26(1): 88-91 doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2010.01.025
[10]	Xu Chunju, Liu Guilin, Chen Huiyu, et al. Fabrication of conductive copper-coated glass fibers through electroless plating process[J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2014, 25(6): 2611-2617.
[11]	Ruphino Z, Edith A, Samson K, et al. Photooxidation of 4-chlorophenol sensitized by lutetium tetraphenoxy phthalocyanine anchored on electrospun polystyrene polymer fiber[J]. Polyhedron, 2012, 33(1): 74-81.
[12]	Dabrowska I, Fambri L, Pegoretti A, et al. Spinning, drawing and physical properties of polypropylene nanocomposite fibers with fumed nanosilica[J]. Express Polymer Letters, 2015, 9(3): 277-290.
[13]	Supri A G, Aizat A E, Yazid M I M, et al. Chicken feather fibers-recycled high-density polyethylene composites: The effect of epsilon-caprolactam[J]. Journal of Thermoplastic Composites Materials, 2015, 28(3): 327-339.