聚苯乙烯/纳米铝复合材料的流变特性及纺丝研究

陈文姣; 谢芮; 罗雯利; 刘才林; 彭碧辉; 杨海君; 任先艳

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.170352

聚苯乙烯/纳米铝复合材料的流变特性及纺丝研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170352

西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院，四川绵阳 621010

基金项目:

西南科技大学人才项目 16zx7139

详细信息

作者简介:
陈文姣(1993—)，女，硕士，从事聚合物基复合材料研究；18381696818@163.com

通讯作者:
刘才林(1964—)，男，博士，教授，从事聚合物基复合材料研究；liucailin2013@163.com

中图分类号: TB333
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-09-05
- 修回日期: 2017-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2018-04-15

Rheological and spinning properties of polystyrene/nano aluminum composites

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

摘要

摘要: 为有效制得Z箍缩氘代聚苯乙烯/纳米铝(DPS/AlNPs)导电丝阵材料，采用PS中掺入AlNPs制备PS/AlNPs复合材料纤维进行模拟研究。研究了温度及剪切速率等因素对PS/AlNPs复合材料流变性能的影响、复合材料熔体的结构变化及流动状态与可纺性能的关系，以及PS/AlNPs纤维的形貌、热稳定性能和力学性能。结果表明：PS/AlNPs熔体属于典型剪切变稀型非牛顿流体，熔体的表观粘度与温度呈现负相关，240~260 ℃时复合材料的非牛顿指数介于0.462~0.546，结构黏度系数介于1.8~2.1，黏流活化能介于77.2~104.6 kJ·mol^-1，具有良好的可纺性。PS/AlNPs纤维表面光滑，对AlNPs粒子包覆良好且对其抗氧化非常有利，其中当AlNPs质量分数为1%时纤维的断裂伸长率突出、掺量为5%时其断裂强度较高。
- 纳米铝 /
- 聚苯乙烯 /
- 流变性能 /
- 纺丝性能 /
- 复合纤维
Abstract: PS/AlNPs composite fibers were prepared by adding AlNPs into PS to finish the simulation study of conductive matrix materials for Z-pinch: deuterated polystyrene/nano-aluminum (DPS/AlNPs). The effects of temperature and shear rate on the rheological properties, the relationship between the structural changes, the flow condition of composites melt and the properties of PS/AlNPs, as well as the morphology, thermal stability and mechanical properties of PS/AlNPs fiber were investigated. The results show that the PS/AlNPs melt is a typical shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid, and the apparent viscosity of the melt is negatively correlated with the temperature. The composite possesses non-Newtonian index of between 0.462 and 0.546 at 240-260 ℃, the coefficient of viscosity of about 1.8 to 2.1, and the activation energy of viscous flow sitting between 77.2 and 104.6 kJ mol^-1, showing its good spinnability. The PS shows its ability to coat AlNPs very well and prohibits the AlNPs being oxided, giving birth to a PS/AlNPs fiber possessing smooth surface. The fiber has the biggest elongation at break and the highest breaking strength when the content of AlNPs is 1% and 5%, respectively.
- nano aluminum /
- polystyrene /
- rheological properties /
- spinning performance /
- composite fiber

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图 1 240 ℃时PS及PS/AlNPs熔体的lgτ与lgγ的关系

Figure 1. Flow curve of lgτ vs lgγ of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

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图 2 240 ℃时PS/AlNPs的lgη_a与γ^1/2的关系曲线

Figure 2. Plot of lgη_a vs γ^1/2 of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

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图 3 PS/AlNPs的剪切黏度与温度的关系曲线

Figure 3. Plot of lnη_a vs 1/T of PS/AlNPs

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图 4 不同掺量PS/AlNPs复合纤维的SEM照片

Figure 4. SEM micrograph of PS/AlNPs composites fiber with various qualities of AlNPs

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图 5 PS/AlNPs复合纤维表面的SEM扫描图像

Figure 5. SEM image of surface of PS/AlNPs fiber

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图 6 PS/AlNPs复合纤维表面的EDS扫描图谱

Figure 6. The EDS scanning spectrum of the surface of PS/AlNPs fiber

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图 7 PS/AlNPs复合纤维的截面FSEM扫描图像

Figure 7. FSEM image of section of PS/AlNPs fiber

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图 8 PS/AlNPs复合纤维的截面EDS扫描图谱

Figure 8. EDS scanning spectrum of section of PS/AlNPs fiber

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图 9 不同AlNPs掺量的PS/AlNPs的黏度-温度曲线

Figure 9. Viscosity-temperature curves of PS/AlNPs containing different amount of AlNPs

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图 10 PS/AlNPs纤维断裂强度、断裂伸长率与AlNPs掺量的关系曲线

Figure 10. Correlation curve between breaking strength, breaking elongation ratio of PS/AlNPs fiber and the content of AlNPs

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图 11 PS/AlNPs及PS/AlNPs纤维的TG谱图

Figure 11. TG curves of PS/AlNPs and PS/AlNPs fiber

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图 12 PS/AlNPs纤维的X射线衍射图

Figure 12. XRD curves of PS/AlNPs fiber

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表 1 240 ℃下PS及PS/AlNPs的流动指数n

Table 1. Non-newtonian index of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

content/%	n	content/%	n	content/%	n
0	0.523	1	0.464	10	0.551
0.1	0.462	5	0.539	15	0.539

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表 2 240 ℃时PS/AlNPs的结构黏度指数

Table 2. Structure viscosity index of PS/AlNPs at 240 ℃

content/%	Δη	content/%	Δη
0	2.0	5	1.8
0.1	2.1	10	1.8
1	2.1	15	1.8

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表 3 240 ℃时不同掺量PS/AlNPs的黏流活化能

Table 3. Flow activation energy of PS/AlNPs of different dosage at 240 ℃

content/%	ΔE/(kJ·mol^-1)	content/%	ΔE/(kJ·mol^-1)
0	86.9	5	81.7
0.1	77.2	10	96.0
1	79.7	15	104.6

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表 4 PS/AlNPs纤维的结晶度

Table 4. Crystallinity of PS/AlNPs fibers

spinning rate/(m·min^-1)	crystallinity/%
10	25.68
30	30.83
60	50.93

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