Numerical simulation of temperature field distribution for laser sintering graphene reinforced copper composites
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摘要: 在激光烧结石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的过程中，了解瞬时温度场分布对优化工艺参数、控制烧结质量有重要作用。建立了激光烧结预涂在42CrMo基板上的石墨烯铜的混合粉末的有限元模型。研究了激光烧结过程温度场分布，熔池的几何参数以及烧结层与基体的冶金结合宽度。为了验证模拟结果，使用与模拟相同的参数进行了单道激光烧结的实验。研究表明，热传导、热辐射和相变潜热在激光烧结过程的温度场分布中起重要作用。实验结果与模拟结果较为一致。所以可以依据模拟结果预测实验的温度场分布和熔池几何参数，同时也可以据此优化激光烧结参数。Abstract: Transient temperature field distribution is important for laser sintering graphene reinforced copper matrix composites. It is still difficult to measure the temperature field directly today. Numerical simulation was normally utilized to study the distribution of temperature field. Finite element models were employed to simulate the laser sintering of graphene and copper mixture coatings on 42CrMo base plate. The temperature distribution, the geometrical parameters of the melting pool, the width of metallurgical bonding were investigated. In order to verify simulation results, single-track experiments were performed with the same laser sintering parameters as used in simulation. It was proved that convection and radiation heat transfer, and the latent heat of phase transition play the major roles in the laser sintering process. Simulation results are consistent with experiment results under the same processing parameters. Based on simulation results, the temperature field distribution and the geometrical parameters of the melting pool can be predicted. Thus, according to these guidelines, the optimal laser sintering parameters can be decided.
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Key words:
- laser sintering /
- temperature field /
- composite /
- graphene
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图 2 激光烧结石墨烯-铜有限元模型
Figure 2. FEM model of laser sintering of graphene-copper composites
图 3 激光烧结温度场分布云图
Figure 3. Contours of laser sintering temperature field at different time
图 4 3.5 s时的温度场分布云图
Figure 4. Contours of laser sintering temperature field on different surface at 3.5 s
图 6 激光烧结过程中选定点上的热循环曲线
Figure 6. Thermal cycles of selected points during laser sintering
图 12 (a) 激光单道烧结石墨烯-铜试样，(b)石墨烯-铜复合材料表面形貌SEM图片
Figure 12. (a) Single track laser sintered graphene-copper samples, (b)SEM image of surface morphology of graphene-copper
图 13 激光烧结石墨烯-铜XRD图谱和拉曼光谱
Figure 13. Laser sintered graphene-copper composites, (a)XRD patterns and (b) Raman spectrum
表 4 不同激光功率模拟在3.5 s时的结果
Table 4. Simulation results under different laser power at 3.5 s
simulation laser power/W highest temperature of coating layer surface/K highest temperature of joint surface /K depth of melting pool /mm width of metallurgical bonding at joint surface/mm SP1 70 1477 1290 0.9 0 SP2 90 1528 1400 0.1 0 SP3 110 1837 1560 0.11 0 
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表 5 不同扫描速度模拟在3.5 s时的结果
Table 5. Simulation results under different scanning speed at 3.5 s
simulation scan speed /(mm·min-1) highest temperature of coating layer surface/K highest temperature of joint surface /K depth of melting pool /mm width of metallurgical bonding at joint surface/mm Sv1 2 1528 1400 0.1 0 Sv2 4 1337 1210 0.08 0 Sv3 6 1224 1120 0 0
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表 6 不同激光功率的实验结果(3.5 s)
Table 6. Experiment results under different laser power at middle of laser scanning line (3.5 s)
experiment laser power/W depth of melting pool/mm width of metallurgical bonding at joint surface/mm EP1 70 0.05 0 EP2 90 0.1 15 EP3 110 0.12 0.05
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