Drivers of small and medium scale electromagnetic pulse simulator based on Marx generator
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摘要: 为满足不同尺寸效应物抗强电磁脉冲(EMP)性能试验的需求，产生覆盖范围更全面、波形更理想的模拟电磁环境，对基于Marx发生器的一级脉冲陡化EMP模拟器驱动源的基本构成与工作原理进行了介绍。结合实际设计与调试经验，分析了设计该类装置时可能遇到的一些问题以及解决的方案。给出了研制的电压等级在100~600 kV的中小型EMP模拟器驱动源的结构、参数与输出指标。通过紧凑型Marx发生器、低电感平板型薄膜电容器、低电感输出开关等关键部件与连接结构优化、器件参数选取，获得在驱动源接120~180 Ω负载时可输出前沿1.2~2.7 ns、半宽32~41 ns的双指数波。Abstract: In order to meet the requirements of anti EMP performance test of the difference size effect test compounds, and to generate the simulated EMP environments with more comprehensive coverage and more ideal waveform, in the paper, the basic composition and working principle of the EMP-simulator diver with one-stage pulse sharpening and based on the Marx generator are introduced. According to the actual experiences of design and debugging of this kind of devices, some problems that may be encountered when using the ideal principle to design these drivers are analyzed, and some targeted solutions are provided. In addition, some drivers for the small-and-middle scale EMP simulator with rated output voltage of 100-600 kV are developed. With the development of super compact Marx generator, compact flat-form film capacitor and low inductance output switch, the optimization of the connection structure, and the selection of reasonable parameters, these drivers connected with the load of 120-180 Ω can produce the ideal double exponential waveforms with the rise time of 1.2-2.7 ns and the half width of 32-41 ns.
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图 1 一级陡化脉冲驱动源原理图
Figure 1. Circuit diagram of the pulse driver with one-stage sharpening
图 4 100 kV驱动源接120 Ω天线负载时输出电压波形
Figure 4. Output pulse waveform of the driver connected with the 120 Ω antenna
图 5 300 kV超紧凑驱动源Marx发生器与陡化电容
Figure 5. Marx generator and peaking capacitor of the 300 kV ultra-compact driver
图 6 300 kV气体绝缘超紧凑驱动源示意图
Figure 6. Layout of the 300 kV gas-insulated driver with ultra-compact structure
图 7 驱动源接120 Ω假负载时输出电压波形
Figure 7. Output voltage waveform of the 300 kV driver connected with 120 Ω dummy load
图 8 基于油绝缘直线型Marx的驱动源
Figure 8. Driver based on the oil-insulated Marx generator with the capacitors arranged in line
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