电爆炸丝法制备纳米ZrO<sub>2</sub>粉末的实验研究

刘凤馨; 冯国英; 杨超; 周寿桓

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.180055

电爆炸丝法制备纳米ZrO₂粉末的实验研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.180055

刘凤馨^1,,
冯国英^1, ,,
杨超¹,
周寿桓^{1, 2}

1.
四川大学电子信息学院, 成都 610065
2.
华北光电技术研究所, 北京 100015

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11574221

详细信息

作者简介:
刘凤馨(1991—), 男，硕士，从事纳米材料研究；liufengxin@stu.scu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
冯国英(1969—), 女，教授，博士生导师，从事激光微纳工程研究；guoing_feng@scu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TM89
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-02-09
- 修回日期: 2018-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2018-07-15

Experimental analysis of ZrO₂ nanopowders by electrical explosion method of zirconium wire

Liu Fengxin^1
,,
Feng Guoying^{1
, ,},
Yang Chao¹,
Zhou Shouhuan^{1, 2}

1.
College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
2.
North China Research Institute of Electro-Optics, Beijing 100015, China

摘要

摘要: 设计并搭建了基于高压放电方式的金属丝电爆炸制备纳米粉体的实验装置，并配备了电流电压测量辅助系统，可以方便地制备纳米颗粒，实时记录电爆炸过程中的电流和电压。对Zr丝进行电爆炸实验；理论上分析了Zr丝在电爆炸过程中的沉积能量以及物态的变化过程。研究了充电电压对沉积能量和纳米粉体特性的影响规律。通过元素能谱(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对制备的纳米粉体做了成分分析。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察纳米粉体的形貌和结构，并用电镜统计观察法得到纳米粉体的粒度分布。研究结果表明：电压的增大，会使沉积能量增加，并缩短锆丝完全汽化所需时间。增大充电电压可显著缩小纳米粉体的粒径分布范围，并得到更小平均粒径的颗粒。电爆炸锆丝的产物是ZrO₂纳米颗粒，其晶相结构为单斜晶系(m-ZrO₂)和立方晶系(c-ZrO₂)，并且颗粒呈良好的球形，表面光滑，轮廓清晰，粒径分布主要集中在10 nm到40 nm之间。
- 电爆炸 /
- ZrO₂ /
- 沉积能量 /
- 纳米粉体 /
- 粒径分布
Abstract: The experimental equipment used for synthesizing nanopowders via the electrical explosion of wire was designed and built based on the high-voltage breakdown method. Equipped with current and voltage measuring system, the equipment could conveniently prepare nanoparticles and record the current and voltage of the electric explosion process in real time. Electrical explosion experiments were carried out on zirconium wires, and the deposition energy of Zr wire in the process of electric explosion and the change of the state were analyzed. The influence of charging voltage on deposition energy and nanoparticles properties was studied. Component analysis of the produced nanoparticles was completed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy spectrometer (EDS). The particle morphology of the nanopowders was observed by the transmission electron microscope (TEM).The particle size and distribution of the nanoparticles were obtained based on the statistics and observation of TEM images. The results show that the increase of voltage increased the deposition energy and shortened the evaporation time of zirconium wire. Higher charging voltage could significantly reduce nanopowder particle size distribution, and get a smaller average diameter of particles. The products of Zirconium wire electrical explosion were ZrO₂ nanoparticles, based on the structures of the monoclinic crystal(m-ZrO₂) and the cubic crystal (c-ZrO₂), and the particles were perfectly spherical, smooth and clear, and the particle size distribution of nanoparticles was concentrated between 10 and 40 nm.
- electric explosion /
- ZrO₂ /
- deposited energy /
- nanopowders /
- particle size distribution

HTML全文

图 1 锆丝电爆炸装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of setup for electrical explosion of zirconium wire

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图 2 锆丝电爆炸的典型电压电流和沉积能量波形图

Figure 2. Typical voltage, current and deposited energy waveforms of electrical explosion of zirconium wire

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图 3 不同充电电压下锆丝电爆炸过程中的沉积能量波形图

Figure 3. Deposited energy waveforms of electrical explosion of zirconium wire under different charging voltage

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图 4 电爆炸锆丝得到的TEM图

Figure 4. TEM images for samples obtained with zirconium wire explosion

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图 5 不同充电电压下纳米粉体粒度分布示意图

Figure 5. Particle size distribution of nanoparticles under different charging voltage

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图 6 不同充电电压下电爆炸锆丝得到的粉体的元素能谱图

Figure 6. EDS patterns of nanoparticles prepared by zirconium wire explosion under different charging voltage

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图 7 不同充电电压下电爆炸锆丝得到的粉体的XRD图

Figure 7. XRD patterns of nanoparticles prepared by zirconium wire explosion under different charging voltage

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