Design of X-band high power wideband dual-helical reflectarray antenna
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摘要: 为了提升高功率微波辐射天线的带宽，提出并设计了一种X波段高功率圆极化反射阵列天线，该天线采用喇叭天线作为馈源，阵列天线单元由可旋转金属双螺旋线构成，通过旋转螺旋线可以实现360°的相位补偿，同时反射损耗极小。设计了15×15矩形栅格螺旋反射阵列天线，全波仿真结果表明：该口径为315 mm的阵列天线在中心频点9.3 GHz下，增益为28 dB，轴比为0.53 dB，口径效率为52.6%；在8.5~10.9 GHz的频带范围内增益大于26.8 dB，轴比小于1.14 dB，1 dB增益带宽和40%以上口径效率带宽均大于21%；在真空中所能承受的最大功率约为207 MW。Abstract: In order to broaden the bandwidth of high power microwave radiation antenna, an X-band high power circularly polarized reflectarray antenna constructed by mechanically rotational helical elements is proposed and investigated. The array antenna is fed by an X-band left-handed circularly polarization circular horn. The variable rotation of helical element enables full 360° phase adjustment with low reflection loss. The rectangular reflectarray antenna of 225-element is put forward and simulated. Full-wave simulation result shows that at 9.3 GHz, the antenna gain is 28 dB, the antenna axial ratio is 0.53 dB and the aperture efficiency is 52.6%. In the range of 8.5 to 10.9 GHz, the gain is over 26.8 dB, the axial ratio is below 1.14 dB, and both the 1-dB gain bandwidth and the 40% aperture efficiency bandwidth are over 21%. The power handling capacity of the reflectarray antenna is found to be 207 MW in vacuum.
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Key words:
- high power microwave /
- wideband /
- helical antenna /
- reflectarray antenna /
- circular polarization
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图 1 双螺旋反射阵列天线工作原理示意图
Figure 1. Working principle diagram of the dual-helical reflectarray antenna
图 2 双螺旋反射单元天线模型
Figure 2. Configuration of the dual-helical reflectarray element antenna
图 3 正入射和30°斜入射下的相位响应和幅度响应
Figure 3. Phase response and amplitude response of the proposed element under normal and 30° oblique incidences
图 4 不同频率下的相位响应和幅度响应
Figure 4. Phase response and amplitude response of the proposed element at different frequencies
图 7 不同频率下的远场方向图，增益和口径效率
Figure 7. Antenna farfield pattern, gain and aperture efficiency vs frequency
图 8 双螺旋反射阵列天线的场强分布
Figure 8. Electric field distribution of dual-helical reflectarray antenna
表 1 主要频点下反射阵列天线的辐射特性总结
Table 1. Results of the radiation characteristics of reflectarray antenna
f/GHz gain/dB axial ratio sidelobe level/dB X-polarization level/dB 8.5 26.8 1.05 -18.3 -25.7 8.8 27.3 1.14 -21.7 -25.4 9.3 28.0 1.07 -21.1 -28.8 10.1 28.4 1.04 -20.8 -26.2 10.9 27.4 1.08 -12.2 -18.6 
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