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车辆点火脉冲对短波电磁环境影响的数值模拟与试验研究

乐波 刘忠 侯志林 曹春霞

乐波, 刘忠, 侯志林, 等. 车辆点火脉冲对短波电磁环境影响的数值模拟与试验研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32: 073004. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190441
引用本文: 乐波, 刘忠, 侯志林, 等. 车辆点火脉冲对短波电磁环境影响的数值模拟与试验研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32: 073004. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190441
Le Bo, Liu Zhong, Hou Zhilin, et al. Electromagnetic environment effects of vehicle ignition pulses on shortwave radio receivers[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32: 073004. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190441
Citation: Le Bo, Liu Zhong, Hou Zhilin, et al. Electromagnetic environment effects of vehicle ignition pulses on shortwave radio receivers[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32: 073004. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190441

车辆点火脉冲对短波电磁环境影响的数值模拟与试验研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190441
基金项目: 盲信号处理国家级重点实验室基金项目
详细信息
    作者简介:

    乐 波(1970—),女,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为电磁环境干扰评估及电磁态势生成、辐射源个体识别;leboo@126.com

  • 中图分类号: TN011

Electromagnetic environment effects of vehicle ignition pulses on shortwave radio receivers

  • 摘要: 为评估车辆点火脉冲对短波接收站电磁环境的影响,首先分析了车辆点火原理模型,并测试了小轿车、卡车两种典型车辆的点火脉冲生成的频域噪声;其次利用基于距量法的电磁计算软件对小轿车、卡车的点火脉冲等效天线与10 m单极子接收天线之间的传输效应进行了数值模拟与分析,获得传输损耗波动曲线。最后通过3辆汽车点火实测对乡村短波接收站的电磁环境影响进行了对比分析。仿真与实测结果表明:卡车点火脉冲辐射功率高于小轿车辐射功率14 dB;车辆点火脉冲等效天线相对于10 m单极子接收天线,在7.5 MHz传输损耗最小,相距30,100 m时传输损耗分别为24,32.2 dB;试验中,在30 m距离处,3辆小汽车点火脉冲对短波电磁环境的影响为抬高了低频段底噪1~2 dB,当距离增加到100 m以上时,已无明显影响。
  • 图  1  车辆发动机点火系统示意图

    Figure  1.  Diagram of vehicle engine ignition system

    图  2  车辆点火前后噪声功率比

    Figure  2.  Noise power ratio of vehicle engine ignition on and off

    图  3  三个矩形脉冲信号时域波形与频谱图

    Figure  3.  Time domain waveforms and spectrums of three rectangular pulse signals

    图  4  小汽车打火对单极子天线性能影响仿真模型

    Figure  4.  EM model of the effect of car ignition on the monopole antenna

    图  5  车辆打火等效天线至10 m单极子天线的传输损耗

    Figure  5.  Transmission loss of the car ignition-equivalent antenna to 10 m monopole antenna

    图  6  两辆小轿车点火等效天线模型与传输损耗

    Figure  6.  EM model of 2-car ignition-equivalent antenna and the transmission loss

    图  7  大卡车等效天线输入阻抗及输入电抗

    Figure  7.  Input impedance and reactance of the truck ignition-equivalent antenna

    图  8  大卡车等效天线方向图(xOy面)

    Figure  8.  Radiation pattern in x-y plane of the truck ignition-equivalent antenna

    图  9  卡车打火等效天线至10 m单极子天线的传输损耗(50 m)

    Figure  9.  Transmission loss of the truck ignition-equivalent antenna to 10 m monopole antenna(in 50 m)

    图  10  测试点人为噪声系数

    Figure  10.  Man-made noise at typical frequency

    图  11  D点与E点噪声电平比较

    Figure  11.  Comparison of the spectrums with vehicle ignition at the location D and E

    图  12  平滑后底噪比较

    Figure  12.  Comparison of the noise floor after signal smoothing

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    Tu Ben. The research of a high-voltage power corridor assess the electromagnetic environment effects on the shortwave monitoring station[D]. Shanghai: Fudan University. 2010: 17-23
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-12-02
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-20
  • 刊出日期:  2020-06-24

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