Principle study on exposure technique for double pulse high speed imaging based on direct control of CCD driving electrodes
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摘要: 电荷耦合器件(CCD)是一类高性能的光电成像器件，具有成像阵列大、图像质量好的特点。但由于正常工作驱动时序复杂，工作帧频一般较低，无法满足较高成像帧频的要求。针对一种双脉冲发光图像的高速高分辨高质量成像要求，根据CCD信号电荷收集及转移的电极驱动特性，选择合适的CCD类型，以电荷转移时序为时间分隔界限，设计了一种电极直接进行控制的时序，实现了两个光脉冲图像的分离积分及信号转移、读出等，完成了双脉冲发光图像的等效高帧频曝光的原理验证，在保持CCD原有高成像质量的情况下获得了μs级间隔的两幅图像可分辨的能力，并实现了一种二分幅相机系统。Abstract: Charge coupled device(CCD) is one kind of photoelectric solid-state imaging device with excellent performance. It has the features of large array and good image quality. Working under very complex driving timing, it usually has low frame frequency and can not meet the demand of high imaging frame rate. The method of equivalent high frame rate imaging technique is introduced based on normal CCD in this paper. Some CCDs can be drived via electrodes separately. To meet the imaging demands of high frame rate, high resolution and high quality of two frame imaging technique for pulse light images, the right kind of CCDs should be adopted. The most important is that the CCD electrodes must be controlled directly and respectively. The charge transfer period is a key point while designing CCD driving timing for separate pulse light integration, charge package transfer and readout for two pulse light images. The validation experiments for the principle of equivalent high frame rate exposure of two pulse light images has been accomplished. It is shown that two pulse light images with interval of about 2 μs can be distinguished while all CCD’s inherent excellent performance are retained. A kind of two framing camera system with simple structure can be developed based on this principle.
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图 3 行间转移CCD的驱动电极宏观结构示意
Figure 3. Macro_structure of CCD driving electrode for interline mode
图 5 双脉冲曝光模式下的信号电荷包的生成及转移示意
Figure 5. Production and transfers of signal charge packages in CCD
图 6 双脉冲发光图像的高速曝光验证实验的系统构成情况示意
Figure 6. Schematic of validation experiment system for double pulse high speed imaging
图 7 双脉冲发光图像的时间关系的调节示意
Figure 7. Adjustment of time relationship between double pulse images
图 8 双脉冲发光图像的高速曝光效果示意
Figure 8. Experimental results under different overlap time for double pulse high speed imaging
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