Scalable all-metal reflective array beam scanning antenna
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摘要: 提出了一种伸缩式全金属反射单元，在此基础上设计了一个可用于高功率微波领域的全金属反射阵列波束扫描天线。通过反射单元的上下独立滑动，阵列中每个阵元所接收电磁波的传输路径可改变，从而实现了相控波束扫描。由电磁仿真可知，设计的反射单元能够在10～13 GHz的频带范围内实现0～360°的线性相位调节，且可在15°～40°偏馈条件下相位调节时保持高功率容量。由该型单元组成的中心工作频率为10 GHz的伸缩式全金属反射阵列扫描天线具备90°锥角范围内的二维波束扫描能力，功率容量可达5 GW/m2。同时，在波束扫描过程中，天线增益变化小于3 dB，副瓣电平低于−13 dB，最大口径效率为54.59%。Abstract: A scalable all metal reflective element is proposed in this paper, and an all-metal reflective array antenna for high power microwave application is also designed. By sliding the connecting rod up and down, the transmission path of the incident wave to each element can be changed to achieve the corresponding phase modulation. Thus, the beam scanning can be achieved. Simulation result shows that the unit can realize linear phase adjustment of 360° within 10−13 GHz and has a power handling capacity of 3 MW, which means the array can achieve 5 GW/m2 power handling capacity level after the formation (under vacuum condition). Under the standard of 3 dB gain variation, the antenna can realize a two-dimensional spatial beam scanning within the range of 90° revolving cone angle.
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Key words:
- beam scanning /
- array antenna /
- phase modulation /
- high-power microwave /
- power handing capacity
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图 1 伸缩式全金属反射阵列单元与结构组成
Figure 1. Overall structure of the scalable all-metal reflective array element
图 2 相邻阵元间距对伸缩式全金属反射阵列单元移相能力的影响
Figure 2. Influence of the gap width on the phase shifting ability of the array elements
图 3 不同入射角条件下伸缩式全金属反射阵列单元移相曲线和内部最大电场
Figure 3. Phase shift curves and maximum electric field at different incident angles
图 4 单元的口面电场图(入射角θin=15°，阵元相对高度△hi=4 mm)
Figure 4. Electric field of the unit (△hi=4 mm,θin=15°)
图 6 阵列扫描过程中的二维远场方向图
Figure 6. Two-dimensional far-field radiation pattern during scanning
图 7 阵列天线在垂直出射时(θ=0°, φ=0°)的阵列截面图
Figure 7. Sectional view of the array when emits vertically(θ=0°, φ=0°)
图 8 伸缩式全金属反射阵列扫描天线在方位面扫描时的三维方向图
Figure 8. Three-dimensional radiation pattern of the scalable all-metal reflective array scanning antenna
图 9 伸缩式全金属反射阵列扫描天线在垂直出射时的阵列口面的电场分布图
Figure 9. Electric field distribution of the array at vertical exit
表 1 伸缩式全金属反射阵列扫描天线在不同波束指向时的辐射特性
Table 1. Radiation characteristics of the scalable reflective array antenna
status/（°） D/dBi FSLL/dB θHP/（°） εap/% (0,0) 32.8 −14.3 3.7 54.59 (15,0) 32.8 −14.1 3.4 54.59 (30,0) 32.4 −15.1 3.7 49.78 (45,0) 31.2 −14.7 4.5 37.77 (60,0) 29.4 −13.0 6.5 24.95 (45,90) 29.7 −13.3 4.9 26.74 (−60,180) 29.3 −13.0 6.5 24.38 
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