Influence of insulation system on surface flashover voltage in Blumlein main switch
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摘要: Blumlein主放电开关作为关键部件被大量地应用于强流电子直线感应加速器等大型脉冲功率装置中，其中绝缘子在主开关中起隔离水或油与气体的作用。设备在高电压脉冲下长时间或高频次作用时，绝缘子气体侧会出现沿面闪络现象，严重影响直线感应加速器的可靠运行。对Blumlein主放电开关中的绝缘结构进行了电场仿真计算，通过对绝缘子的几何结构和电极形状的优化设计，有效调控了绝缘子表面和电极表面的电场分布，试制了不同构型的绝缘子，开展了在标准雷电波脉冲条件下的沿面闪络研究。研究结果表明，优化后的绝缘子的最低和最高沿面闪络电压相比原始结构分别提升了约35.9%和37.2%。
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关键词:
- Blumlein主放电开关 /
- 沿面闪络 /
- 绝缘子 /
- 电场分布 /
- 绝缘结构优化
Abstract: As a key component, the Blumlein switch is widely used in large pulsed power devices such as high-current electron linear induction accelerators. The insulator in the main switch plays the role of isolating water or oil and gas. When the equipment is subjected to high voltage pulse for a long time or high frequency, the gas side of the insulator will flashover along the surface. The occurrence of surface flashover seriously affects the reliable operation of linear induction accelerator. In view of this, electric field simulation calculation is carried out on the insulation structure of the Blumlein main switch, and the electric field distribution on the surface of the insulator and the electrode is effectively regulated by optimizing the geometric structure of the insulator and the shape of the electrode. At the same time, different insulators with different configurations were trial-produced, and flashover along surface was studied under standard lightning wave pulse conditions. The results show that, the minimum and maximum surface flashover voltages of the optimized insulator are about 35.9% and 37.2% higher than that of the original insulator respectively. -
图 4 不同构形绝缘子的表面电场分布
Figure 4. Surface electric field distribution of different insulators with different configurations
图 7 不同构形的绝缘子沿面闪络试验结果
Figure 7. Surface flashover tests of different insulators with different configurations
表 1 不同构形绝缘子表面电场强度的典型数值
Table 1. Electric field strength along insulator surface
insulator Emax/(kV·mm−1) EATJ/(kV·mm−1) ECTJ/(kV·mm−1) origin insulator 10.8 9.44 3.12 single umbrella insulator 11.5 11.5 2.88 optimized insulator 5.28 1.42 0.92 
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