Study of increase in energy deposition by electrical explosion of carrier wire
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摘要: 在丝电爆过程中，金属丝的沉积能量是决定爆炸效果的关键参数。在研发连续送丝电爆装置的基础上，提出带载丝电爆炸提高金属丝沉积能量的方法。根据金属丝在电爆过程中的相变理论及旁路并联电阻的非线性时变性，建立了金属丝负载的电阻-能量分段模型。使用带载丝和裸丝分别开展电爆炸实验，同步采集丝电爆过程中的放电波形并分析计算，探究带载丝电爆炸相关机理以及沉积能量的变化规律。结果表明，电爆炸前期，由于载丝带具有绝缘性，其旁路并联电阻大于裸丝，从而使得带载丝电阻大于裸丝；随着欧姆加热的进行，带载丝中液态金属沿轴向由两端向中间聚集，加快了电爆炸相变过程，等效电阻减小，延缓了沿面击穿过程，从而获得更多的能量。Abstract: The energy deposition of wire is a critical parameter in determining the effectiveness of the explosion during the electrical wire explosion. Based on developing a continuous wire-feeding electrical explosion device, a method was proposed to increase wire energy deposition with electrical explosion carrier wire. According to the phase transition theory of metal wire in the process of electrical explosion and the nonlinear time-varying nature of bypass parallel resistance, the resistance-energy segmentation model of wire load was established. The electrical explosion experiments were carried out separately using the carrier and bare wire. The discharge waveforms during the wire electrical explosion process were collected synchronously and analyzed to investigate the mechanism associated with the electrical explosion of the carrier wire and the variation of the energy deposition. The results show that in the early stage of wire electrical explosion, due to the insulation of the carrier ribbon, the parallel bypass resistance is greater than that of the bare wire, thus the resistance of the carrier wire is higher than that of the bare wire. With the progress of ohmic heating, the liquid metal in the carrier wire accumulates from both ends to the middle in the axial direction, which accelerates the phase transition process of electrical explosion, reduces the equivalent resistance, delays the breakdown process along the surface, and obtains more energy.
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图 3 带载丝电爆放电回路示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the carrier wire electrical explosion discharge circuit
图 6 不同充电电压下带载丝和裸丝阻性电压及回路电流波形
Figure 6. Carrier wire and bare wire resistive voltage and loop current waveforms under different charging voltages
图 7 不同充电电压下带载丝和裸丝沉积能量变化曲线
Figure 7. Energy deposition of carrier wire and bare wire at different charging voltages
图 8 不同充电电压下带载丝和裸丝电爆时刻沉积能量的对比
Figure 8. Comparison of energy deposition at the time of electrical explosion of carrier wire and bare wire under different charging voltages
表 1 铝的基本物理量参数
Table 1. Basic physical parameters of aluminium
solid density/
(g·cm−3)liquid density/
(g·cm−3)specific heat capacity
of solids/(J·g−1·℃−1)specific heat capacity
of liquid/(J·g−1·℃−1)melting
point/(℃)boiling
point/(℃)latent heat of
fusion/(J·g−1)latent heat of
vaporization/(J·g−1)2.70 2.38 0.88 1.78 660 2520 398 10500 
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