Critical field strength estimation for microwave pulse atmospheric breakdown
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摘要: 针对高功率微波在大气传输中可能出现的击穿现象，研究了脉冲序列中首次击穿时的延迟脉冲数，发现其与种子电子、脉冲击穿概率以及微波场强密切相关。研究发现，微波场强可通过作用于种子电子间接影响脉冲击穿概率和延迟脉冲数，由此提出利用延迟脉冲数估计微波击穿临界场强的方法，并定义在脉冲击穿概率大于一定值时的微波临界场强作为击穿阈值。推导了脉冲击穿概率的估计公式，并对估计量的性能进行了分析，随后利用S波段微波大气击穿模拟装置开展了实验验证。实验结果表明，在一定范围内，重复频率微波脉冲击穿延迟脉冲数仅与种子电子产生率和脉宽成反比，能用于估计脉冲击穿概率，进而给出击穿临界场强。Abstract: In response to the possible breakdown phenomenon of high-power microwave in atmospheric transmission, our study focuses on the first breakdown delay pulse number in pulse sequences. It is found that it is closely related to seed electrons, pulse breakdown probability, and microwave field strength. Microwave field strength can indirectly affect the pulse breakdown probability and delay pulse number through seed electrons. A method is proposed to estimate the critical field strength of microwave breakdown using the number of delayed pulses, and the microwave critical field strength is defined as the breakdown threshold when the probability of pulse breakdown is greater than a certain value. In this paper, the estimation formula of pulse impulse breakdown probability is derived, and the performance of the estimator is analyzed. Then, the experimental verification is carried out using the S band microwave atmospheric breakdown simulation device. The experimental results show that, within a certain range, the number of pulse delays for repetitive frequency microwave pulse breakdown is only inversely proportional to the seed electron generation rate and pulse width, and can be used to estimate the probability of pulse breakdown, thereby giving the critical field strength for breakdown.
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Key words:
- microwave breakdown /
- critical field strength /
- breakdown probability /
- estimate /
- pulse breakdown
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图 1 不同重频条件下的脉冲击穿累积概率密度分布
Figure 1. Cumulative probability density function of microwave pulse breakdown under different repetitive frequency
图 2 不同脉宽条件下的脉冲击穿累积概率密度分布
Figure 2. Cumulative probability density function of microwave pulse breakdown under different pulse width
表 1 实验条件及结果
Table 1. Results of experiments
No. pressure/
Paelectric intensity/
(kV/cm)radioactive
source distancerepetitive
frequency/Hzpulse
width/nsp k $ \bar {{n}} $ $ \hat {{p}} $ A1 8000 1.87 far 20 20000 0.006 13 73.1 0.0055 A2 8000 1.87 near 20 20000 0.03 20 33.4 0.030 B1 1000 0.92 none 20 20000 0.04 20 27.7 0.036 B2 1000 1.29 none 20 20000 0.5 20 2.3 0.43 C1 300 0.92 none 5 2000 0.005 13 102.5 0.0048 C2 300 0.92 none 50 2000 0.005 14 92.7 0.0056 C3 300 0.92 none 500 2000 0.005 12 78.6 0.0047 D1 300 1.29 none 50 20 0 0 0 0 D2 300 1.29 none 50 200 0.003 11 113.2 0.0036 D3 300 1.29 none 50 2000 0.03 20 35.3 0.028 D4 300 1.29 none 50 20000 1 20 1 1 
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