Development of the integrated-optics-based sensor for MV/m intense pulse electric field
-
摘要: 针对兆伏每米（MV/m）强脉冲电场的测量需求，设计并研制了基于集成光学的共路干涉仪（CPI）小体积宽带脉冲电场传感器。基于电光效应及电光调制原理，建立了传感器的幅度和频率响应传递函数，分析了集成光学探头的接收特性，并推导了探头灵敏度和带宽随波导长度的关系。设计了适用于MV/m量级脉冲电场测量的纯光学非金属CPI传感器，提出了利用晶体宽度对测量灵敏度调控的方法，使得设计的半波电场提高了2倍以上。研制的无源探头体积小于20 mm×10 mm×5 mm、理论带宽大于4 GHz、最大测量幅度大于1.2 MV/m。研制的传感器在高空电磁脉冲（HEMP）、雷电电磁脉冲（LEMP）及脉冲功率等领域具有应用前景。Abstract: To meet the requirements of MV/m intensity pulse electric field measurement, a single optical path type small volume broadband pulse electric field measurement system based on integrated optics is designed and developed. Based on electro-optical effect and electro-optic modulation principle, the amplitude and frequency response transfer function of the measuring system is established, the reception characteristics of the integrated optical probe are analyzed, the relationship between its sensitivity and bandwidth with the length of the waveguide is derived. The pure optical non-metallic single-optical waveguide structure is designed, and a method of adjusting the measurement sensitivity using crystal width is proposed, which raised the designed half-wave electric field more than 3 times. The passive probe size is less than 20 mm×10 mm×5 mm, the theoretical bandwidth is more than 4 GHz, and the maximum measurement range is more than 1.2 MV/m. The developed measurement system has applications in the fields of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP), lightning (LEMP) and pulsed power technology.
-
Key words:
- common path interferometer /
- pulsed electric field /
- integrated optics /
- sensor /
- electro-optical effect
-
图 2 CST microwave studio中建立的传感器仿真模型
Figure 2. Simulation model in CST microwave studio
图 3 输入脉冲电场及晶体表面中心电场仿真结果
Figure 3. Input pulse electric field and simulation results of the electric field on crystal surface
图 5 研制的MV/m量级集成光学脉冲电场探头
Figure 5. Fabricated integrated optical field sensor for MV/ m pulsed electric-field
图 6 不同温度条件下偏置控制和未控制的传感器输出功率对比
Figure 6. Comparison of the output power of the sensor under bias control and without bias control at different temperature
图 7 标定系统连接关系及标定场景
Figure 7. Topology relation of calibration system and the calibration scene
图 8 典型输入输出标定波形归一化结果
Figure 8. Normalized results of typical input/ output waveform in the sensor calibration
表 1 转换系数标定数据及计算结果
Table 1. Calibration data and its calculated results
number input voltage/kV output voltage/mV conversion coefficient/(kV·m−1·V−1) 1 1.08 10.80 2.38 2 1.50 15.20 2.35 3 2.02 20.40 2.36 4 2.52 25.40 2.36 5 2.98 30.00 2.37 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Huang Fanghong, Yan Youjie, Chen Jin, et al. Calibration uncertainty evaluation of D-dot sensors[J]. Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters, 2019, 83: 115-122. doi: 10.2528/PIERL18100502 [2] Cui Zhitong, Mao Congguang, Nie Xin, et al. E-field sensor design for subnanosecond fast transient[C]//2012 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics. 2012: 108-110. [3] 齐路, 张国钢, 刘竞存, 等. 电磁脉冲D-dot电场传感器的设计与优化[J]. 高压电器, 2018, 54(7):237-241,247Qi Lu, Zhang Guogang, Liu Jingcun, et al. Design and optimization of D-dot E-field sensor for electromagnetic pulse detection[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2018, 54(7): 237-241,247 [4] 王悦, 景莘慧. 渐进圆锥D-dot电场传感器频响分析[J]. 安全与电磁兼容, 2019(2):21-24Wang Yue, Jing Xinhui. Frequency response analysis of asymptotic conical D-dot electric field sensor[J]. Safety & EMC, 2019(2): 21-24 [5] 郭飞, 王绍飞, 李秀广, 等. 基于渐进圆锥天线的ns前沿电磁脉冲电场传感器[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27:043201 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20152704.43201Guo Fei, Wang Shaofei, Li Xiuguang, et al. Development of nanosecond rise time E-field sensor based on asymptotic conical antenna[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27: 043201 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20152704.43201 [6] 刘卫东, 胡小锋. 瞬态电场时域测试技术的研究现状与展望[J]. 高压电器, 2014, 50(7):132-138Liu Weidong, Hu Xiaofeng. Review of transient electric field measurement in time domain[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2014, 50(7): 132-138 [7] 刘逸飞, 马良, 程引会, 等. 基于光纤传输的灵敏度自校准脉冲电场测量系统[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(4):1478-1484Liu Yifei, Ma Liang, Cheng Yinhui, el al. Pulse electric field measurement system with sensitivity self-calibration based on optical fiber transmission[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(4): 1478-1484 [8] 崔志同, 聂鑫, 陈鹏. 基于圆柱偶极天线的宽频带电场测量系统[C]//第22届全国电磁兼容学术会议论文选. 2012: 121-126Cui Zhitong, Nie Xin, Chen Peng. Wide-band E-field sensor with the dipole antenna[C]//The 22th Chinese National Academic Conference on Electromagnetic Compatibility. 2012: 121-126 [9] 孔旭, 谢彦召. 基于光纤技术的电磁脉冲3维电、磁场测量系统[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(1):339-345Kong Xu, Xie Yanzhao. Electric field and magnetic field measuring system for EMP measurement based on fiber technology[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(1): 339-345 [10] 周开明, 王艳, 谢泽元. 一种宽频带小型化光纤电场测量系统的研制[J]. 信息与电子工程, 2010, 8(1):30-32Zhou Kaiming, Wang Yan, Xie Zeyuan. Design of a wideband and minitype optical fiber metrical system[J]. Information and Electronic Engineering, 2010, 8(1): 30-32 [11] 石立华, 司荣仁, 李炎新, 等. 微型化光纤传输电磁脉冲传感器研究[J]. 电波科学学报, 2012, 27(6):1152-1157,1171Shi Lihua, Si Rongren, Li Yanxin, et al. Small size fiber-optic electric field sensor for EMP measurement[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2012, 27(6): 1152-1157,1171 [12] 张晓明, 孟萃, 魏明, 等. 宽频带电磁脉冲电场传感器的研制与测试[J]. 核技术, 2011, 34(4):299-303Zhang Xiaoming, Meng Cui, Wei Ming. Development of a wideband transient electric field sensor[J]. Nuclear Techniques, 2011, 34(4): 299-303 [13] 刘青, 谢彦召. 高空电磁脉冲作用下埋地电缆的瞬态响应规律[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(9):3014-3020Liu Qing, Xie Yanzhao. Transient response law of buried cable to high-altitude electromagnetic pulse[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(9): 3014-3020 [14] Tajima K, Kobayashi R, Kuwabara N, et al. Development of optical isotropic e-field sensor operating more than 10 GHz using Mach-Zehnder interferometers[J]. IEICE Transactions on Electronics, 2002, E85-C(4): 961-968. [15] Ogawa O, Sowa T, Ichizono S. A guided-wave optical electric field sensor with improved temperature stability[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(5): 823-830. doi: 10.1109/50.762899 [16] Sawaki I, Nakajima H, Seino M, et al. Thermally stabilized Z-cut Ti: LiNbO3, waveguide switch[C]//Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 1986. 1986: 46-47. [17] Zhang Jiahong, Chen Fushen, Sun Bao, et al. A novel bias angle control system for LiNbO3 photonic sensor using wavelength tuning[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2013, 25(20): 1993-1995. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2013.2279682 [18] Sun Bao, Chen Fushen, Chen Kaixin, et al. Integrated optical electric field sensor from 10 kHz to 18 GHz[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2012, 24(13): 1106-1108. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2012.2195780 [19] Shi Yuewu, Wang Wei, Zhu Zhizhen, el al. A bias controllable birefringence modulation measurement system for subnanosecond pulsed electric field[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2021, 70: 6004311. [20] 石跃武, 周辉, 聂鑫, 等. 马赫-曾德尔调制器最佳偏置点自动锁定技术研究[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2015, 52:042301Shi Yuewu, Zhou Hui, Nie Xin, et al. Research on the best bias point automatic locking technique for Mach-Zehnder modulators[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2015, 52: 042301 [21] Peuzin J C. Comment on “domain inversion effects in Ti-LiNbO3 integrated optical devices” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 933 (1985)][J]. Applied Physics Letters, 1986, 48(16): 1104. [22] 李金洋, 逯丹凤, 祁志美. 铌酸锂波导电光重叠积分因子的波长依赖特性分析[J]. 物理学报, 2014, 63:077801 doi: 10.7498/aps.63.077801Li Jinyang, Lu Danfeng, Qi Zhimei. Analyses of wavelength dependence of the electro-optic overlap integral factor for LiNbO3 channel waveguides[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63: 077801 doi: 10.7498/aps.63.077801 [23] 石跃武, 周辉, 聂鑫, 等. 集成光学电场探头测量HEMP的系统误差分析[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27:073202 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20152707.73202Shi Yuewu, Zhou Hui, Nie Xin, et al. Analysis of system error for HEMP measurement using integrated optical E-field sensors[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27: 073202 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20152707.73202 -
点击查看大图
图(8) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 128
- HTML全文浏览量: 48
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
