Research on crosstalk simulation of high and low voltage wiring harnesses in ground equipment power conversion system
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摘要: 电源变换系统中功率器件如MOSFET和IGBT开关管的高速切换将产生高幅值和宽频段的电磁干扰，是电动车辆最为常见也无法避免的电磁干扰源。同时，互连线缆是机电设备传递信号和能量的载体，是实现设备功能不可或缺的组成部分，线缆的天线效应使其成为设备产生电磁干扰的主要途径，是系统电磁兼容问题的主要根源之一。为了分析高压电源变换系统对低压控制系统的电磁耦合，以某典型地面装备电源变换系统IGBT开关管产生的脉冲宽度调制波（PWM波）作为电磁干扰源，以实装线缆作为分析对象，构建高低压线缆串扰模型，仿真分析不同线缆对地距离、线缆间距条件下单线、屏蔽线、双绞线等多类低压线缆的近端串扰电压，得出低压线缆的抗干扰性，为系统线缆的布线提供指导。Abstract: The high-speed switching of power devices such as MOSFETs and IGBT switches in power conversion systems will generate high amplitude and broadband electromagnetic interference (EMI), which is the most common and unavoidable EMI for electric vehicles. At the same time, interconnecting cables are the carrier of signals and energy transmitted by electrical devices, the antenna effect of cables is the main pathway for EMI radiation propagation, and is one of the main sources of system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems. To analyze the electromagnetic coupling between the high-voltage power conversion system and the low-voltage control system, this paper takes the pulse width modulation (PWM ) wave generated by the IGBT as the EMI source, and uses the actual cable as the analysis object to construct a high and low voltage harness crosstalk model. The simulation analysis analyzes the near-end crosstalk voltage of multiple types of low voltage cable under different conditions of cable spacing and ground distance, obtains the anti-interference performance of low-voltage cables, thus provides guidance for the wiring of the system cable harness.
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图 3 不同类别信号线上的近端串扰耦合电压
Figure 3. Near end crosstalk coupling voltage on different types of signal cables
图 4 不同线缆间距下屏蔽线缆的近端串扰耦合电压
Figure 4. Near end crosstalk coupling voltage of shielded cables with different cable spacing
图 5 不同线缆对地距离下屏蔽线缆的近端串扰耦合电压
Figure 5. Near end crosstalk coupling voltage of shielded cables under different cable to ground distances
图 6 某高压电源变换系统拓扑
Figure 6. Topology of a high voltage power supply transformation system
图 8 ECU与DC/AC的信号线缆近场耦合电压
Figure 8. Near field coupling voltage of signal cable between ECU and DC/AC
图 9 ECU与VCU的信号线缆近场耦合电压
Figure 9. Near field coupling voltage of signal cable between ECU and VCU
图 10 VCU与控制器3的信号线缆近场耦合电压
Figure 10. Near field coupling voltage of signal cables between VCU and controller 3
图 11 控制器1与DC/DC变换器的信号线缆近场耦合电压
Figure 11. Near field coupling voltage of signal cables between controller 1 and DC/DC
表 1 动力线缆结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters of power cable
material thickness/mm wire copper 15.0 insulator inside PE 3.0 screen tinned copper 0.2 insulator outside PE 2.5 
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表 2 信号线缆电磁模型参数
Table 2. Electromagnetic model parameters of signal cables
No. cable name start port end port length/mm cable type 1 VCU-ECU N1 N1-1 50.00 single cable 2 ECU-DC/AC N1-1 N1-2 70.71 single cable 3 DC/AC-motor signal cable N1-2 N1-3 950.00 twisted pair cable 4 VCU-controller 3 N2 N2-1 60.00 twisted pair cable 5 controller 3-monitor N2-1 N2-2 84.85 twisted pair cable 6 monitor-controller 2 N2-2 N2-3 480.00 single cable 7 controller 2-controller 1 N2-3 N2-4 141.42 twisted pair cable 8 controller 1-DC/DC converter N2-4 N2-5 400.00 twisted pair cable
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