Calibration technology of intense pulse electron beam position monitor
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摘要: 电子直线感应加速器性能提升对束流探测器提出了高精度测量要求，由此不仅要求高精度的探测器设计装配技术，而且也要求探测器的准确标定。从强流脉冲束流位置探测器测量原理出发，从理论和实验两方面开展强流脉冲束流位置探测器标定技术研究。在理论上采用解析方法，分析了不同的计算处理方法和标定方法的标定效果，提出了特征平面标定，在建立的位置标定系统上，对用于多脉冲电子直线感应加速器的No.23电阻环进行了标定实验研究，实验结果验证了理论分析结果，根据理论和实验研究结果，确定了强流脉冲束流位置探测器标定方法。Abstract: Accurate measurement of the intense pulse electron beam is required by upgrade of linear induction accelerator. This is achieved by not only the technology of beam position monitor (BPM) design and assamble, but also the calibration of BPM. This paper describes the research of calibration technology based on the measuring principle of intense pulse electron beam position monitor in linear induction accelerator. Theoretic method is used to calculate calibrated effects in different signal calculation, polynomial fit and calibration. Characteristic plane calibration is provided according to the analytic results. In the system of BPM position calibration,The No.23RRM (resistive ring monitor) of multi-pulse electron linear induction accelarator is calibrated in different calibration and experimental data processed in different method. The experimental results validate the theoretic results. The calibration method of intense pulse electron beam position monitor is decided according to the results of research.
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图 1 束管道、电子束和电阻环相对位置及结构示意图
Figure 1. Relative position sketch of beam pipe、beam position and resistive ring monitor (RRM)
图 3 不同标定方法的标准位置和 测量位置在一阶拟合条件下的比较
Figure 3. Compare between set position and calculated position of different calibration in condition of n=1
图 4 不同标定方法的标准位置和测量位置在四阶拟合条件下的比较
Figure 4. Compare between set position and calculated position of different calibration in condition of n=4
图 6 电阻环在位置标定系统中的测量信号及处理结果
Figure 6. Measurment of resistive ring monitor in calibration system and signal processing result
图 7 不同标定位置步进和范围处理结果在x方向的位置误差分布
Figure 7. Position error distribution in x direction in different calibration position span and range
图 8 不同标定方法的位置测量结果与标准位置比较
Figure 8. Set position and measured position in different calibration
表 1 不同方法的标定效果
Table 1. Calculated results of different normalize、calibration and polynomial fit
monitor parameter normalize calibration average of absolute value of position error/mm n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 s1=1 minus/sum no calibration 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 s2=1 planar 0.17 0.75 23.04 23.93 s3=1.05 axis 0.23 0.23 1.75 1.67 s4=0.9 45° line 0.22 0.24 3.63 3.74 Δx0=0 log ratio no calibration 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 Δy0=0 planar 0.06 0.06 7.56 7.56 θx=0 axis 0.08 0.08 0.61 0.61 θy=0 45° line 0.07 0.07 1.20 1.20 s1=1 minus/sum no calibration 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 s2=1 planar 0.19 2.44 26.92 28.27 s3=1 axis 0.25 0.50 2.15 1.75 s4=1 45° line 0.27 0.37 3.67 2.92 Δx0=1 mm log ratio no calibration 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Δy0=−2 mm planar 0.06 0.82 8.90 9.45 θx=0 axis 0.09 0.17 0.76 0.75 θy=0 45° line 0.09 0.11 1.17 1.18 s1=1 minus/sum no calibration 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 s2=1 planar 0.18 1.66 5.30 5.40 s3=1.05 axis 0.39 0.40 1.04 1.03 s4=0.9 45° line 0.55 0.56 2.04 1.97 Δx0=1 mm log ratio no calibration 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 Δy0=−2 mm planar 0.06 0.84 1.82 1.94 θx=0.03 rad axis 0.37 0.37 0.49 0.49 θy=0.04 rad 45° line 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.55 
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表 2 对数比和一阶拟合条件下不同标定方法在不同探测器参数下的标定效果
Table 2. Calculated results of different monitor parameter and calibration in condition of log ration and n=1
monitor parameter average of absolute value of position error/mm no calibration planar axis 45° line s1=1.05, s2=0.9, s3=0.8, s4=1.1; Δx0=0, Δy0=0; θx =0, θy =0 8.74 0.06 0.08 0.07 s1=s2=1, s3=1, s4=1；Δx0=-3 mm, Δy0=4 mm, θx =0,θy =0 4.00 0.05 0.06 0.06 s1=s2=1, s3=1, s4=1; Δx0=0, Δy0=0,θx =-0.04 rad, θy =0.05 rad 0.21 0.03 0.21 0.24 s1=1.05, s2=0.9, s3=0.8, s4=1.1；Δx0=-3 mm, Δy0=4 mm, θx =-0.04 rad, θy =0.05 rad 2.37 0.10 0.51 0.60 s1=s2=1, s3=1.05, s4=0.9；Δx0=1 mm, Δy0=-2 mm, θx =0.03 rad, θy =0.04 rad 0.39 0.06 0.37 0.50
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表 3 特征平面标定与其它标定方法的结果比较
Table 3. Compare between characteristic plane calibration and others
monitor parameter average of absolute value of position error/mm s1=s2=1, s3=1.05, s4=0.9; Δx0=1 mm,
Δy0=−2 mm; θx=0.03 rad, θy =0.04 radno calibration planar axis 45° line characteristic plane 1 mm/point 2 mm/point 3 mm/point 0.3905 0.0634 0.3701 0.4985 0.0649 0.0653 0.0659
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表 4 直线标定实验在不同位置步进和范围的处理结果
Table 4. Processing results of line calibrated experiment in different position span and range
span and range normalize klx(1) klx (0) kly(1) kly(0) xerror/mm yerror/mm 0.5 mm/point
−10 mm～10 mmminus/sum 83.38 0.15 94.62 1.63 0.0437 0.0479 log ratio 20.66 0.17 23.35 1.62 0.0230 0.0284 1 mm/ point
−10 mm～10 mmminus/sum 83.39 0.15 94.65 1.63 0.0437 0.0483 log ratio 20.65 0.17 23.34 1.62 0.0232 0.0285 3 mm/ point
−10 mm～10 mmminus/sum 83.24 0.16 94.64 1.63 0.0442 0.0487 log ratio 20.64 0.17 23.34 1.62 0.0234 0.0284 0.5 mm/ point
−8 mm～8 mmminus/sum 82.95 0.16 94.02 1.63 0.0451 0.0499 log ratio 20.62 0.18 23.29 1.62 0.0244 0.0304 0.5 mm/ point
−6 mm～6 mmminus/sum 82.41 0.17 93.63 1.63 0.0594 0.0587 log ratio 20.55 0.18 23.27 1.63 0.0336 0.0333
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表 5 特征平面标定实验在不同位置步进和范围的处理结果
Table 5. Processing results of characteristic plane calibrated experiment in different position span and range
span range kpx(0) kpx(1) kpx(2) kpy(0) kpy(1) kpy(2) xerror/mm yerror/mm 1 mm/ point ±10 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0249 0.0218 2 mm/ point ±10 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0251 0.0224 3 mm/ point ±10 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0254 0.0218 1 mm/ point ±10 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0253 0.0218 1 mm/ point ±8 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0255 0.0228 1 mm/ point ±6 mm 0.08 21.47 −1.22 −0.24 1.21 22.12 0.0249 0.0218
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表 6 平面标定实验在不同位置范围的处理结果
Table 6. Processing results of planar calibrated experiment in different position range
position range kpx(0) kpx(1) kpx(2) kpy(0) kpy(1) kpy(2) xerror/mm yerror/mm ±10 mm 0.24 21.51 −1.19 −0.27 1.21 21.91 0.0235 0.0222 ±8 mm 0.25 21.50 −1.19 −0.27 1.22 21.92 0.0237 0.0223 ±6 mm 0.25 21.55 −1.16 −0.27 1.20 21.91 0.0266 0.0225 ±4 mm 0.26 21.66 −1.15 −0.27 1.20 21.81 0.0438 0.0302
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表 7 平面标定实验在不同标定方法的处理结果
Table 7. Processing results of planar calibrated experiment in different calibration
calibration kx(0) kx(1) kx(2) ky(0) ky(1) ky(2) xerror/mm yerror/mm 45° line 0.23 20.44 / −0.32 / 23.33 0.3778 0.4463 −45° line 0.24 22.84 / −0.25 / 20.87 0.4239 0.3751 axis 0.24 21.56 / −0.29 / 21.91 0.2976 0.3086 characterictic plane 0.25 21.50 −1.21 −0.27 1.21 21.92 0.0243 0.0224 planar 0.24 21.51 −1.19 −0.27 1.21 21.91 0.0235 0.0222
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