Voltage operating range of field distortion spark switch at repetition frequency
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摘要: 用大气压空气下的场畸变火花开关组建一套纳秒脉冲电源，研究了开关不同重复频率（从50 Hz到
1300 Hz）触发击穿时的电压工作范围以及吹气的影响，用高压探头和数字示波器记录电压波形。实验结果表明，开关稳定工作（电压低于30 kV、电流峰值小于300 A）的最高重复频率为1300 Hz，因开关击穿后绝缘未完全恢复，稳定工作的最高工作电压$ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 和最低工作电压$ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ 都随重复频率的升高而降低，低频时电压工作范围（$ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}}- $ $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ ）宽，高频时窄。低频50 Hz时工作范围有10 kV左右，高频1300 Hz时很小，大约只有0.5 kV，这是因为高频时绝缘水平低，触发脉冲对击穿电压的降低作用不明显，因此触发条件下的实际工作电压更接近当前的自击穿电压。吹气可以加快气体绝缘恢复，提高最高和最低工作电压。若开关的最高工作电压为工作前自击穿电压30 kV的90%以上，则不吹气时重复频率低于50 Hz，吹气时最高能到500 Hz。Abstract: A set of nanosecond pulsed power supply was set up with a field distortion spark switch under atmospheric air, and the voltage operating range of the switch triggered to breakdown at different repetition frequencies (from 50 Hz to1300 Hz) as well as the effect of blowing were investigated. The voltage waveforms were recorded with a high voltage probe and a digital oscilloscope. Experimental results show that when the switch operates stably (voltage below 30 kV and current below 300 A), the highest repetition frequency is1300 Hz. Due to incomplete recovery of gas insulation after the switch breaks down, both the maximum operating voltage$ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ and the minimum operating voltage$ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ when operating stably decrease with increase of repetition frequency. The voltage operating range ($ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}}-{V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ ) is wide at low frequency and narrow at high frequency, which is about 10 kV at low frequency 50 Hz and very small at high frequency1300 Hz, only about 0.5 kV. This is because the insulation level is low at high frequency, and the trigger pulse has little effect on breakdown, so the actual operating voltage under trigger condition is closer to the current self-breakdown voltage. Blowing can accelerate gas insulation recovery and increase the maximum and minimum operating voltage. If the maximum operating voltage is higher than 90% of the self-breakdown voltage of 30 kV before operation, the repetition frequency is lower than 50 Hz without blowing and goes up to 500 Hz with blowing. -
图 2 由场畸变开关组建的纳秒脉冲电源电路
Figure 2. Nanosecond pulse power supply circuit set up with the field distortion switch
图 3 500 Hz最高工作电压时开关电极和负载的电压波形
Figure 3. Voltage waveforms of the switch's electrodes and load for maximum operating voltage at 500 Hz
图 4 不同重复频率下开关稳定工作的电压范围
Figure 4. Voltage range for stable operation of the switch at different repetition frequencies
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