Optimization and design of high-power high-efficiency klystron output coupler
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摘要: 输出耦合器作为速调管关键部件，其性能直接关系到速调管的整体表现。然而，耦合器故障却是速调管及多种真空电子设备中最为常见的问题之一，特别是在高连续波功率运行场景下，这一问题更为突出。针对连续波650 MHz/800 kW高效率速调管，对输出耦合器进行优化设计，并在单注和多注速调管耦合器测试方面取得了重要突破：单注速调管输出耦合器在连续波模式下的测试功率已达到690 kW以上，为了进一步增加功率容量，采用T-bar结构过渡，并对耦合器进行优化设计，使陶瓷附近电场分布更均匀；而多注速调管矩形波导窗输出耦合器最高测试功率达到全驻波115 kW。此外，通过对耦合器的结构、材料以及散热方式进行分析与优化，积极探索提升耦合器功率容量的多种可能途径，进一步增强了速调管的稳定性和可靠性。Abstract: Microwave vacuum electronic devices play a crucial role in various fields such as scientific research and industry. Particularly, the klystron has been essential in nuclear fusion research, high-energy physics experiments, and industrial radiation processing. The output coupler, a key component of the klystron, directly impacts its overall performance. However, coupler failures are among the most common issues in klystrons and various vacuum electronic devices, especially prominent in scenarios involving high continuous wave power operation. For the development of a high-efficiency tunable 650 MHz/800 kW continuous wave klystron, optimization design of the output coupler was conducted. Significant progress was achieved in the testing of the output couplers for single-beam and multi-beam tunable klystrons. In continuous wave mode, the test power of the output coupler for the single-beam tunable klystron has exceeded 690 kW. To further increase power capacity, a T-bar transition structure was employed, and the coupler was optimized to achieve a more uniform electric field distribution near the ceramic. Additionally, the rectangular waveguide window output coupler for the multi-beam tunable klystron achieved a maximum test power of 115 kW in full standing wave conditions.
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Key words:
- klystron /
- output coupler /
- high-power test /
- T-bar /
- rectangular window
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图 4 单注速调管输出耦合器温度和应力分析
Figure 4. Thermal and thermal stress analysis of the single-beam klystron output coupler
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