Research on channel resistance and thermal effect characteristics of spark gap switch
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摘要: 针对一种应用于高功率重复频率Marx型脉冲功率源的两电极火花间隙气体开关，开展了火花通道电阻及其热效应特性研究，分析了火花间隙通道电阻热效应的影响因素，研究了重复频率连续工作条件下开关腔体内温度及气压变化。研究结果表明，开关腔体内气压和温度随着工作时间增长呈现先快速增加然后缓慢增长趋于稳定的趋势，脉冲电流幅值的增长对热量沉积的增加效果非常明显。基于中研制的两电极火花间隙开关，在导通峰值电流14.7 kA、脉冲宽度160 ns的条件下连续运行9 000个脉冲，开关通道产生热量约36.6 kJ，在电流导通时间内，通过焦耳热效应计算得到开关导通时间内火花通道电阻平均值约0.12 Ω。Abstract: A study was conducted on the spark channel resistance and thermal effect characteristics of a two-electrode spark gap switch applied to a high-power repetition-rate Marx-type pulse power source. The influencing factors of the thermal effect of the spark gap channel resistance were analyzed, and the temperature and pressure changes inside the switch chamber under continuous repetition-rate working conditions were studied. The research results indicate that the pressure and temperature inside the switch chamber show a trend of rapid increase followed by slow increase and stabilization with the increase of working time. The increase of pulse current has a significant effect on the increase of heat deposition. Based on the two-electrode spark gap switch used in this article, 9 000 pulses were continuously operated under the conditions of peak conduction current of 14.7 kA and pulse width of 160 ns. The discharge channel of the switch generated about 36.6 kJ of heat. During the current conduction time, the average resistance of the spark channel was calculated to be about 0.12 Ω through Joule heating effect.
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Key words:
- spark gap switch /
- Joule heating effect /
- repetition-rate /
- pulsed power /
- high power
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图 4 连续10 min运行中腔内温度与气压的变化
Figure 4. Time dependent curves of temperature and pressure inside the switch chamber
表 1 开关试样的热学特性参数
Table 1. Thermal characteristic parameters of the switch
No. pulse current/kA pulse width/ns number of pulses temperature rise of electrode
1/Kaccumulate heat of electrode
1/kJtemperature rise of electrode
2/Kaccumulate heat of electrode
2/kJtemperature rise of insulating shell/K accumulate heat of insulating shell/kJ spark
channel
resistance/Ω1 8.5 200 9 000 26.0 1.22 16.0 1.38 11.0 11.48 0.11 2 10.6 200 9 000 30.6 1.16 17.3 1.49 20.0 20.88 0.12 3 10.5 160 9 000 26.7 1.01 11.8 1.02 17.5 18.27 0.13 4 14.7 160 9 000 44.0 1.43 21.0 1.81 32.0 33.40 0.12 
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