Preparation of high specific surface area carbon aerogels by conventional drying and their performance in microstructure
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摘要: 以间苯二酚(R)-甲醛(F)为原料,加入表面活性剂P123以增强材料的骨架强度的方法，采用常压干燥技术制备了RF碳气凝胶，并进行了二氧化碳活化以调节其孔结构。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试表明,常压干燥的碳气凝胶结构中具有更大的纳米颗粒，骨架结构变粗，活化使碳气凝胶骨架结构更加致密；红外吸收光谱(FTIR)表明,表面活性剂P123中的醚键与RF苯环中的羟基存在强的相互作用，碳化后P123特征峰消失；热重曲线(TG和DTG)分析说明P123在440 ℃左右分解完全，不会对碳气凝胶的成分产生影响，并能起到良好的造孔作用；氮气吸附表明常压干燥制备的碳气凝胶比表面积约为570 m2/g，活化之后的比表面积高达3 500 m2/g左右。Abstract: Carbon aerogels(CAs) and activated CAs doped with surfactant P123(PEO-PPO-PEO, molecular weight: 5 800) were prepared by conventional drying. SEM images show a handsome network structure of CAs prepared by conventional drying, and the network structure becomes more compact after activation. FTIR spectra show that there is strong interaction between P123 and RF (resorcinol-formaldehyde), and P123 disappears after carbonization. TG and DTG curve analyses indicate that the P123 is not a kind of impurity for it decomposes completely after carbonization at 440 ℃. Characterized by nitrogen adsorption, CAs prepared by conventional drying have a high specific surface area of 570 m2g-1, which is up to about 3 500 m2g-1 after activation.
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