Abstract: The supercritical water reactor is one of the six reactors recommended by Generation IV International Forum. Compared with existing light water reactors, the supercritical water reactor has advantages of high thermal efficiency, simplified system structure and low cost. The physical model of the supercritical water reactor is established with MCNP program in this paper, which solves the problem of intricate geometry of fuel assembly. The change of coolant density along the axis is considered and the neutron spectrum distribution of different regions of the core is calculated. The safety in loss of coolant accident for the supercritical water reactor and the effect of missing coolant in different regions on the reactivity and effective multiplication factor analyzed. The results show the supercritical water reactor core has high security. The countermeasures of loss of coolant accident is studied and the effectiveness of boron water cooling is validated. The research not only provide important reference for the construction and security analysis of the supercritical water reactor, but also has great significance for the application and development of the supercritical water reactor.