Research on plasma arc oxidation efficiency of spark gap switch with graphite electrodes

Dai Hongyu; Shen Hao; Li Li

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202133.210084

Volume 33 Issue 6

Jun. 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > High Power Laser and Particle Beams > 2021 > 33(6): 065015

Dai Hongyu, Shen Hao, Li Li. Research on plasma arc oxidation efficiency of spark gap switch with graphite electrodes[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 065015. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210084

Citation:

Dai Hongyu, Shen Hao, Li Li. Research on plasma arc oxidation efficiency of spark gap switch with graphite electrodes[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 065015. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210084

Citation:

PDF( 1397 KB)

Research on plasma arc oxidation efficiency of spark gap switch with graphite electrodes

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210084

School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Received Date: 2021-03-15
Rev Recd Date: 2021-05-13

Available Online: 2021-06-07

Publish Date: 2021-06-15

Abstract

Abstract

Oxygen is a kind of indispensable component in graphite-electrode spark-gap switch, and it is used to oxidize the graphite vapor formed by the graphite electrode under the impact of high-temperature arcs to prevent the graphite vapor from condensing into solid powder after the arc is extinguished, thus to avoid damage to the switch. To increase the oxidation ratio of the graphite vapor, the influence of background gas composition and oxygen concentration on graphite oxidation reaction is studied in this paper. The effect of dilution gases N₂, Ar, and He on characteristics of the oxidation reaction are studied. Meanwhile, on the basis of the traditional air-like gas (80%N₂＋20%O₂), the carbon oxidation ratio in the case with 40% and 60% oxygen concentration are studied. According to the thermodynamic parameters and transport coefficients of different gases, the arc temperature characteristics are obtained through the magnetohydrodynamic calculation. The thermal energy intensity at the interface between the arc and the electrode is used as the basis for evaluating the mass loss rate of the graphite electrode. Experimental results show that as the oxygen concentration increases, the oxidation ratio of graphite vapor gradually increases. However when the oxygen concentration is higher than 40%, there is a risk of combustion of the graphite electrode. When the oxygen concentration is kept at 20%, the mass-loss rate of the electrode is smaller when Ar is used as the dilution gas, and the carbon vapor is oxidized more fully in the arc. This indicates that compared with the traditional insulation gas, replacing the dilution gas with Ar or increasing the oxygen concentration to around 40% can both improve the carbon-oxygen reaction efficiency and reduce the residual carbon impurities of the graphite-electrode spark-gap switch.
- spark gap switch,
- pulsed discharge,
- graphite electrode,
- arc temperature,
- carbon-oxygen reaction

FullText(HTML)

References(21)

References

[1]	郭良福, 李黎, 赖贵友, 等. 石墨型高能两电极气体开关[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2010, 22(12):3034-3038. (Guo Liangfu, Li Li, Lai Guiyou, et al. High power graphite two-electrode spark gap switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2010, 22(12): 3034-3038 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20102212.3034
[2]	俞斌, 李黎, 葛亚峰, 等. 大功率能源模块中的石墨电极气体开关系统[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26:045021. (Yu Bin, Li Li, Ge Yafeng, et al. Graphite-electrode gas-switching system in high energy module[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26: 045021 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.045021
[3]	Takikawa H, Tao Y, Miyano R, et al. Formation and deformation of multiwall carbon nanotubes in arc discharge[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2001, 40(5R): 3414-3418.
[4]	Arora N, Sharma N N. Arc discharge synthesis of carbon nanotubes: comprehensive review[J]. Diamond and Related Materials, 2014, 50: 135-150. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2014.10.001
[5]	Dai Hongyu, Li L, Peng Mingyang, et al. Carbon-oxygen reaction efficiency in air gap switch with graphite electrodes under high current pulse discharge[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2017, 24: 123512. doi: 10.1063/1.5009281
[6]	Dai Hongyu, Li L, Wu Haibo, et al. Characteristics of N₂/O₂ reaction in spark gap switch: the effect of high-current pulsed arc[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2019, 26(2): 492-500. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2019.007691
[7]	刘现飞, 唐钊, 刘轩东. 气体介质对多间隙气体开关电晕均压与自击穿特性的影响[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32:025012. (Liu Xianfei, Tang Zhao, Liu Xuandong. Effect of gas medium on corona discharge for voltage balance and self-breakdown characteristics in multi-gaps gas switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32: 025012 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.0358
[8]	Goto K S, Han K H, Pierre G R S. A review of oxidation kinetics of carbon fibre-carbon matrix composites at high temperature[J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 1987, 88: 347.
[9]	Murphy A B. Thermal plasmas in gas mixtures[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2001, 34(20): R151-R173. doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/34/20/201
[10]	李兴文, 贾申利, 张博雅. 气体开关电弧物性参数计算及特性仿真研究与应用[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(3):757-771. (Li Xingwen, Jia Shenli, Zhang Boya. Research and application on physical parameters calculation and behavior simulation of gas switching arc[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(3): 757-771
[11]	Cai X Y, Dong B L, Lin S B, et al. Heat source characteristics of ternary-gas-shielded tandem narrow-gap GMAW[J]. Materials, 2019, 12: 1397. doi: 10.3390/ma12091397
[12]	李兴文, 吕启深, 田甜, 等. 直流空气电弧作用下触头烧蚀特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(6):1970-1977. (Li Xingwen, Lv Qishen, Tian Tian, et al. Contact erosion characteristics under direct current air arc[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(6): 1970-1977
[13]	李美, 王一玮, 李林, 等. 绝缘气体对开关柜内部故障燃弧压力上升的影响[J]. 电气工程学报, 2020, 15(2):11-17. (Li Mei, Wang Yiwei, Li Lin, et al. Influence of insulating gas on pressure rise due to internal fault arcing in switchgear[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2020, 15(2): 11-17 doi: 10.11985/2020.02.002
[14]	Punekar G S, Thejovathi G, Kishor N K. Simulation study of Borda’s profile & parallel plane electrode to assess electric field uniformity[C]//IEEE 8th International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility. 2003: 371-374.
[15]	刘毅, 林福昌, 冯希波, 等. 能源模块磁开关工作特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(36):142-148. (Liu Yi, Lin Fuchang, Feng Xibo, et al. Working characteristics analysis of magnetic switch in energy module[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(36): 142-148
[16]	Kramida A, Ralchenko Y, Reader J, et al. NIST atomic spectra database (version 5.0)[R]. 2012.
[17]	Griem H R. High-density corrections in plasma spectroscopy[J]. Physical Review, 1962, 128(3): 997-1003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.128.997
[18]	Hirschfelder J O, Curtiss C F, Bird R B. Molecular theory of gases and liquids[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1954.
[19]	Devoto R S. Simplified expressions for the transport properties of ionized monatomic gases[J]. The Physics of Fluids, 1967, 10(10): 2105-2112. doi: 10.1063/1.1762005
[20]	曾晗, 林福昌, 蔡礼, 等. 石墨电极烧蚀机理及实验[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(1):43-49, 86. (Zeng Han, Lin Fuchang, Cai Li, et al. Mechanism and experiment of graphite electrode erosion[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(1): 43-49, 86 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6753.2013.01.007
[21]	付钰伟, 王小华, 高青青, 等. 火花放电下SF₆特征分解产物演化特性研究[J]. 高压电器, 2020, 56(5):13-17, 23. (Fu Yuwei, Wang Xiaohua, Gao Qingqing, et al. Evolution feature of characteristic SF₆ decomposition products under spark discharge[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2020, 56(5): 13-17, 23